高考总复习专项训练阅读理解

广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解（一） 姓名 __________ 1-5.__ __ __ __ __ 6-10.__ __ __ __ __ 11-15.__ __ __ __ __ 16-20.__ __ __ __ __ A I'll be the first to admit that I am a technophobe(对技术有恐惧感的人).Who would have guessed that a website would help repay a 20-year-old loan? I'1l always remember my last day at school. My best friend, Jenny, had organized a party in the Sixth Form Common Room; Jenny asked me to go to the supermarket with her to buy all the snacks. "I'm really looking forward to this party, Stingy," she said. Everyone called me Stingy instead of Debbie because they thought I didn't like to spend money. Actually, it was true. "There's lots of money in the kitty(零星凑起的一笔钱). Let's go crazy!" Going crazy meant buying enough snacks to feed an army. It came to ￡ 19.90,which was a lot of money in 1982. Jenny gave me a guilty( 内疚的) look. "I've left-the kitty money in the common room. Can you pay and I'll give you back the money?" "Sure," I replied, trying to look relaxed. ' Neither a lender or a borrower be' was my motto but I didn't want to look stingy(小气). I gave ￡20 to the impatient shop assistant. Well, the Party was a great success. So great that I completely forgot about my loan until I was flying to America the next day.　I was going to live with my uncle's family until I started university. I tried to get in touch with Jenny but her family had moved. My ￡20 was lost. Until. I'd heard about a website called Friends Reunited which helped people contact old school friends.　My husband helped me log on and find my school. There she was, Jenny Frost. I'm now married with a beautiful daughter called Debbie. Does anyone know how to get in touch with Debbie 'Stingy' Jones? I still owe her ￡20! We met two months later and the ￡20 was returned, plus interest(利息)of course. After all, I'm a bank manager now, so loans are my business. 1. Why did Jenny spend a lot of money on the snacks? A. Debbie had money.　　B. There was money she could use. C. She wanted Debbie to stop being stingy.　　 D. She wanted to be crazy. 2. How did Debbie get her money at last? A. Her husband found Jenny.　　 B. Jenny had a website on the Internet. C. Debbie met Jenny.　 D. Debbie put a message on the Friends Reunited website. 3. Which sentence best describes Debbie Jones?　 A. She didn't like to spend money at school and often uses computers. B. She sometimes lends money and doesn't like using computers. C. She sometimes lends money and uses, the computer whenever she can. D. She only lends money to friends and doesn't like using computers. 4. We know from the passage that Jenny __　　　  . A. liked parties at school and felt guilty about borrowing money B. had fun at school but soon forgot about her school friends C. forgot her best friend at school until she saw the Friends Reunited website D. was forgetful about the money B Solomon Shereshevski was a man with an amazing memory. He was one of the world's most famous me-monists (记忆能手). Born in Russia in about 1900, he spent much of his life performing memory skills that people found difficult to believe.　He could memorize long lists of numbers after reading them through once, and he could then recite(背诵) them forwards or back-wards.　He could also remember the same numbers months later.. He could easily remember lists of names, dozens of playing cards or hundreds of cities. Although he had a wonderful memory, he found some normal skills very difficult.　For example,　he found it difficult to learn to read. He also found it difficult to recognize patterns in words or numbers. When presented with a long list of numbers like this : 1234 4231 5678 8765 6789 9876 he could not see that there was a pattern. If he could see or hear a collection of numbers, he could remember it. However, this did not mean that he could understand what he was looking at. He could remember long complex mathematical formulas, but could not understand what the numbers meant. Solomon suffered from a condition known as Synaesthesia. This meant that all of his senses were connected in a special way. In other words, when he heard a particular word he also experienced a unique taste, or saw a unique color. Each word that he heard brought a particular description into his mind. Each word for him was unique, because he remembered it as a taste, a smell, a color or a sound, or all of them together. He was not a clever man except this ability and people found him rather stupid. He found it difficult to, become friends with other people because his mind was so different. In a way, his memory was a curse(祸根). He remembered everything, and that made it difficult for him to understand anything. 5. We know from the first paragraph that A. all of his life, Solomon was kept busy doing memory tricks B. if Solomon read a list of numbers he could immediately remember them C. Solomon could memorize long list of numbers and found their patterns D. people thought Solomon could remember the most things in the world 6. Solomon had very powerful memory, but he　　　　　 . A. could not read or write B. never knew what people meant when they said to him C. could not work out some simple math problems D. found everything he did was meaningless 7. When a person suffers from synaesthesia, he (or she)　　　　. A. senses things usually in a wrong way B. confuses feelings with c61ors or tastes C. often connects words he (or she) hears with things he(or she) experienced D. each word he (or she) hears changes its meaning completely 8. The author wants to express an idea that　　　　　　　  . A. one cannot be good at both memorizing and understanding things B. some people are actually quite stupid though they seem clever C. having a good memory does not mean having good intelligence D. the more you can memorize, the more stupid you will certainly be C Last year, my boyfriend suggested that I should run the London marathon(马拉松), and I laughed. He laughed too, but he laughed too long and too loud. That made me think. I realized that he didn't believe that I could do it. That made me angry, and determined, Now he knows that I can! Training wasn't easy, but I kept going. I didn't need special training but I did need to buy very good shoes. Each day, I went a little further. By the end of three months, I was running five days a week. Some- times in the evenings I ran 10 km； on Sunday mornings, I sometimes ran about 30 kin. I used to come home, have a shower and eat my breakfast. I felt wonderful ! On the day of the race in London, I lined up with about 30,000 other runners. The faster runners were at the front, while slower runners like me were placed further back. In that way, the professional runners and club runners were not slowed down by the amateurs(业余爱好者). At first, there were so many runners close together that we were almost falling over each other.  We could only run very slowly but that was a good thing because it meant that we didn't rush off too quickly. Gradually the runners spread out and there was more space. There were thousands of people watching us along the route and they cheered and clapped everyone, even the slowest runner. It was wonderful! For the first 10 km I felt very happy and my legs felt very comfortable. However, at 15 km I got a pain in my side and running became difficult, but I kept going and the pain disappeared. At the 30 km mark, I felt extremely tired, and wanted to stop, but I kept on going. I covered another 3 km and then I began to feel better again. By the time I reached the 35 km mark, I knew I was going to get to the end of the course. Somehow that confidence made me feel lighter and faster and it seemed as if my legs flew over the last few kilometers. I passed hundreds of slower runners, some of whom had passed me earlier, and I felt wonderful! AS I came round the last bend(弯道)and saw the finishing line, I could see three runners ahead of me. I raced past all of them to finish the race in just under four hours. The winner had completed the race in 2 hours and 10 minutes, but I didn't care! I had run 42 km and com-pleted my first marathon! 9. The writer's boyfriend laughed at her because　　 . A. he thought she could run the marathon B. he .didn't think she could run the marathon C. he wanted her to run the marathon　　　　D. she wanted to run the marathon 10. When the race began 　　　　　　. A. all the faster runners were asked to stand before those slower ones B. many runners fell over each other　 C. all the runners were asked to run slowly D. the professional runners and club runners ran very fast 11. The hardest time for the writer was when she　　　　　  A. had run for 15 kilometers　　　B. got a pain in her side C. reached the 30 kilometer mark　　D. was about to reach the finish line 12. The passage suggests that it is better to start a long race slowly　　　　　　　. A. than to run at the same speed all the time　 B. than to run too fast at the beginning C. than to run slowly at the end　　 D. than to run very fast all the time D What's on TV? 6 : 00  　　　　　③Let's Talk! Guest : Animal expert Jim Porter ⑤Cartoons ⑧ News ⑨News 7 : 00  　　　　　③Cooking with Cathy Tonight: Chicken with mushrooms. ⑤Movie A Laugh a Minute (1955) James Rayburn. ⑧Spin for Dollars! ⑨Farm Report 7 : 30  　　　　　③Double Trouble (comedy) The twins disrupt the high school dance. ⑨Wall Street Today.. Stock Market Report 8 ：00　　　　 ③NBA Basketball. Teams to be announced ⑧Movie At Day's End (1981) Michael Collier, Julie Romer. Drama set in World War 11. ⑨ News Special "Saving Our Waterways: Pollution in the Mississippi". 13. The right order of the number of programs is　　　　　  . A. News＞ art＞ animals＞ economic　B. News＞ economic＞ art＞ animals C. Art＞ animals＞ news＞ economic　D. Art＞ news＞ economic＞ animals 14. Which program would probably interests a housewife most? A. Let's Talk!　　　　　  　　　　　　　　B. Wall Street Today. C. Cooking with Cathy.　　　　　　　　　　D. Farm Report. 15. If you'd like to watch a game show, you could turn on the TV to 　　　　. A. Channel 5 at 6 : 00　　 　　　　　　　　 B. Channel 8 at 7 : 00 C. Channel 3 at 7 : 30　　　　　　　　　　 D. Channel 3 at 8 : 00 16. Which is most probably the News Channel?　 A. 3.　　　 　　　　　　　　B. 5.　　　　　 C. 8.　　　 　　　　　 D. 9. E All around us buildings shook.　We decided to leave the town ... We stopped once we had left the buildings behind us... The carts(马车) were moving on opposite directions, though the ground was perfectly flat, and they wouldn't stay in place even with their wheels blocked by stones. In addition, it seemed as though the sea was being sucked(吸) backwards, as if it were being pushed back by the shaking of the land. Certainly the shoreline moved outwards, and many sea animals were left on dry sand. Behind us were frightening dark clouds that opened up to show fire--like lightening, but bigger... Not long after that the cloud reached down to the ground and covered the sea. Now came the dust, though still thin. I looked back. A dense cloud appeared behind us, following us like a flood pouring across the land. Then a darkness came that was not like a moonless or cloudy night, but more like being in a closed and unlighted room. You could hear women and children crying, men shouting. Some were calling for parents, others for children； they could only recognize them by their voices. Darkness and ashes came again, a great weight of them. We stood up and shook the ash off again and again, otherwise we would have been covered with it and crushed(压垮)by the weight. At last the cloud became thinner and thinner until it was no more than smoke or fog. Soon there was real daylight. The sight that met our still terrified eyes was a changed world, buried in ash like snow. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　 —from Pliny's letter to a friend 17. Pliny left the town after __　　　　 .  A, the eruption　　 B. the sky became dark C. the buildings began shaking　　D. the sea went back 18. The carts wouldn't stay still because __　　 　 . A. the earth was shaking　　　B. the sea sucked them backwards C. the wheels had stones under them　　　D. the lightening frightened the horses 19. It was dark because　__　　　　 . A. it was very late at night　　　B. clouds of ash covered the sun C. there was a very bad storm　　 D. there was no moon that night 20. People tried to find their relations by calling out their names and 　　　　  . A. listening to their voices　　　B. running about looking for them C. shaking the ash off people　　D. watching people as they ran past 广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解（二） 姓名 __________ 1-5.__ __ __ __ __ 6-10.__ __ __ __ __ 11-15.__ __ __ __ __ 16-20.__ __ __ __ __ A People can be addicted to different things— e. g. alcohol, drug, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive (强迫的): they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy.　According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bar-gain hunters, however, often buy things that they don't need just .because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really ! 'playing an exciting game. When they can buy some-thing "for less than other people, they feel that they are winners. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real one. It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business. They consider people's needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods. Psychologists often use a method called "behavior therapy (疗法)" to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money. 1.　　　 According to the passage, the greatest pleasure of crazy shopping for a compulsive spender is　　　　  . A. to get things they want　 B. to meet their strong psychological need C. to spend a lot of money　 D. to meet their basic needs 2.　　　 According to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters constantly search for the lowest possible prices　　　　　 . A. because they feel satisfied if they spend less money than others B. because they have money problem C. because they like to show off their success in getting things for less money D. because they want to save money to help heir budget 3.　　　 What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The use of the psychology of spending money in business. B. A special psychology of bargaining. C. A method to help compulsive spenders to solve the problem of money. D. The psychology of money spending habits. B In the past, young people in Japan were expected to take on responsibilities to support their parents and grandparents. Now they expect to be supported well into young adulthood. The "new breed", born since the 1960s, have never known anything but richness. Youth are seen as resistant to entering society as mature adults, to becoming social citizens. Once the great objective of reconstruction after the Second World War was accomplished, a new generation lost the motivating power that had united the nation together. Japan's birth rate has been failing rapidly, partly because of economic decline, and the job and financial insecurity that it has caused. In 1999, the figure was1.38 children per woman, the lowest ever recorded. At the same time, youth crime, although still especially low by western standards, rose to its highest level since record-keeping began 32 years ago. Likewise, the proportion of students dropping out before graduating, at 2.5％ also Very low by western standards, has never-the-less been rising. Entrepreneurial (企业家的) role models are few and far between. Bill Gates is often mentioned, but a foreign model can only have so much influence. The problem is that Japanese culture discourages people from revealing details of personal life, including such difficult or painful experience as starting a company. In the past, successful companies such as Honda or Hitachi provided role models of a sort. But today they have been faded by the downturn, and few others have risen to take their place. By the same reason,  young people often feel isolated from their fathers, who worked too hard at their jobs to establish much of a relationship with their children. "The one thing they're sure of is that they don't want to be like their fathers. And the girls don't want to be with boys who are like their fathers, so the boys are sure not to be," says Professor Morishima. 4. According to the passage, former young people were expected to 　　　　　 . A. enter the society before adulthood　　 B. hold together C. work hard and support their family　　 D. study hard and find a good job 5. The underlined word “it”(Para. 2) most probably refers to　　　　　　. A.. economic decline　 B. job insecurity　 C. birth rate　 D. financial un-safety 6. The author takes the two examples of the youth crime and students' dropping-out before graduating to show 　　　　　 . A. the youth are overburdened　 B. the educational system in Japan is not satisfying C. public security and order in Japan are bad D. the ethnical level of youth in Japan is dropping 7. Today, entrepreneurial models are rarely found in Japan because　　　　　 . A. the discouragement of Japanese culture　B. the worshipping of western models C. the lack of experience of starting a company　D. the "new breed" don't want to work hard 8. The passage mainly discusses　　　　　 . A. the decline of the Japanese economy B. the great change of the ethnical and value concept of youth in Japan C. the existence of generation gap between youth and their parents D. the increase of birth rate C For the first nine months of Sam Berns' life, everything seemed normal.　He learned to walk, but then his parents noticed something different. After a year, doctors in the end diagnosed (诊断) him with a genetic disease so rare that it affects just one in 8 million children. Only 40 children in the world are known to have the disease. The disease, progeria, ages children at up to 10 times the normal rate. They stop growing prematurely, then lose their hair and get arthritis. Some children suffer strokes by the time they are 4 or 5. There is no known treatment or cure, and most patients die of heart disease by the age of 13. Progeria is a gene mutation (突变). But scientists had not identified which gene or genes were responsible for the disease, so they had no idea even how to start hunting for a cure.　With most genetic disease, re-searchers are able to examine family trees to see how diseases recur (happen again), cross referencing the information to narrow the hunt. But with progeria sufferers seldom living into their teens, there were no family trees to study. But not long ago, NIH (National Institutes of Health) called Sam's parents with good news., by comparing the genetic samples of progeria sufferers with a normal human gene structure, they had found a common chromosome (染色体) fault that almost all of the progeria-suffered Children shared. The discovery could potentially be the first step toward finding a cure for the rare disease and possibly even a way to fight the disease of aging in the general population. Now 7, Sam acts just like any child of his age. However, Sam has the body of a 70-year-old, and is starting to feel some of the effects of premature aging, including poor eyesight and stiffness in his joints. 9. Progeria cannot be cured up to now because 　　　 . A. scientists pay no much attention to it due to the small number of patients B. they lack of advanced medical facilities in treating genetic disease C. scientists have not discovered the type of genes which arouse progeria D. no family trees are available due to the short life of progeria sufferers 10. What can researchers know through studying family trees? A. The circumstances of the recurrence of the disease. B. The genetic samples of progeria sufferers. C. Chromosome faults of progeria suffers.　 D. The method of overcoming progeria. ll. What do we know from the news that NIH brought to Sam's parents? A. This incurable disease finally was overcome. B. Different children have different chromosome faults. C. It is possible to find the cure of the rare disease. D. All the people have the same chromosomes. D About 2 percent of American students are now taught at home. Educators are confused about how this growing practice should be regulated, and also wonder whether children who are not fully registered in school should get some public services. The issue shows how dim the line between public and private education can become, even when that private education is delivered at home. Probably about half the parents who teach at home are religiously motivated and use lessons by mail (or Internet) from church schools.　Perhaps an additional fourth have some doubts about public education, think schools are unsafe of the fact that their children  have special need that regular schools don't meet, In some cases, parents home-school to escape compulsory (义务的) education; they do least teaching while having older children care for younger sisters or brothers or work in home businesses. Although .children often learn well at home weak regulations in most states mean that officials rarely challenge or monitor parents who say they are home-schooling. With glowing frequency, however, public schools offer services to the home-schooled. Districts may permit them to enroll part time for instance; educators fear that otherwise these children could later return full time with serious academic weaknesses,　and in any case some districts wanting to qualify for state aid can benefit from part-timers filling empty seats. Here in Helena, Mary Brown has taught her 12 children at home while manufacturing clothing there in her non-teaching hours. Mrs Brown says her motive is to give more training in basics, like phonics (发音学) than public schools offer.　Most of her curriculum is from a church school, with tests returned by mail. Two years ago her seventh child, Andrea, wanting to join regular athletic programs, enrolled at Capital High School. Andrea soon changed her mind and continued home study. But she had liked gym and chorus, so Mrs Brown asked that she be allowed to continue in them while taking other courses at home. 12. The education experts worry about　　　 . A. whether home-schooling affects the general level of education 　　B. whether the children studying at home need help 　　C. whether the family education should 'be abandoned 　　D. whether parents use the right methods to teach children 13. We can know from the passage that　　　 . 　　A. half the parents feel doubtful about public education 　　B. most parents have religious consideration 　　C. some parents want to escape the compulsory education 　　D. public schools should not interfere in private education 14. The important problem of home-school education is　　　 . A. lack of social activities　 B. lack of strict management 　  C. inefficiency in study　  D. low teaching quality 15. According to Mrs Brown, the purpose of teaching her children at home is　　　 . A. looking after them by herself　　 B. teaching them what they like C. helping her to do housework　　 D. teaching them more basics 16. It can be inferred from the passage that 　　　 . A. no measures can be taken to regulate the home: school education B. most parents are not satisfied with public education C. it is wiser for schools to accept enrollment part time D. the home-schooled have no difference with those in public schools E Most ,young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some form—football, basketball, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering, Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks in high mountains? This astonishment it caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure. Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as others, as there are for such games as golf. and football. There are, of course, rules of different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods. If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no "matches" between "teams" of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork. The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities. A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty. But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they perhaps climb with more skill and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment. 17. What movements are popular among people in winter in the passage? A. Soccer and golf.  B. Skiing and skating.　C. Cycling and hockey.　 D. Mountaineering. 18. The underlined word "passion" (Para. 2) could best be replaced by  　　　 . A. strong emotion　　 B. enthusiasm　　C. feeling　　 　　　 D. affection 19. Mountaineering is a sport, not a game because　　　 . A. it has man-made rules　　B. it is too dangerous for climbers C. it can't bring people joy and leisure D. it is free for climbers to use their own methods 20. We know from the passage that 　　　 . A. mountaineering has no appeal to people B. physical quality is more important than mental one for climbers C. a mountain climber would pass his best by the age of thirty D. it is possible for an old man of fifty or sixty to climb the Alps 广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解（三） 姓名 __________ 1-5.__ __ __ __ __ 6-10.__ __ __ __ __ 11-15.__ __ __ __ __ 16-20.__ __ __ __ __ A Even with little exposure to cultural standards of beauty, "infants treat attractive faces as distinctive regardless of the sex, age and race of the stimulus (刺激物) faces," write psychologist Judith H. Langlois and her colleagues in the January DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY. In their experiment, 60 healthy 6-month-old infants from middle-class families viewed slides showing eight pairs of white male faces and eight pairs of white female faces. Each pair, displayed for 10 seconds, consisted of one attractive and one unattractive face, as previously judged by a group of male and female college students. An experimenter viewed the young participants on a video monitor and recorded the direction and duration of each infant's gaze. The 35 boys and 25 girls looked longer at both male and female faces judged as attractive, the researchers found. Their second study of 6-month-old involved 15 boys and 25 girls, mostly white, who saw eight pairs of slides showing an attractive and an unattractive black female, as previously judged by both white and black college students. Again, the babies looked much longer at attractive faces. Finally, 19 boys and 20 girls, all 6 months old and almost all of them white, viewed eight pairs of slides showing the faces of 3-month-old boys and girls previously rated as attractive or unattractive by college students. Attractive baby faces drew significantly longer looks, the psychologists report. Further studies must explore whether infants take attractive faces as "best examples of a face, the investigators claim Langlois and a coworker recently reported that attractive faces may possess features that approximate the mathematical average of all faces in particular population. 1. What was found in the first study?　 A. Male infants looked longer only at female ones. B. Females looked more attractive than males. C. Sixty 6-month-old babies looked longer at the attractive faces, male or female. D. White female faces drew more attention than those of black ones. 2. In the last　paragraph,　the writer implies that　　　 . A. Langlois and her partners will stop their experiments they accomplished a lot B. Langlois and her partners will focus on the other fields of infants C. Langlois and her partners have achieved success in studying the infants' mind D. Langlois and her partners have found a more interesting field 3. What can be inferred from the passage? A. All babies, white or black, tend to share with the college students the preference for attractive faces. B. White babies prefer white faces to black ones. C. Babies tend to get interested in the attractive faces of the opposite sex. D. Beauty has something to do with a person's age, race and sex. 4. The title that best expresses the main idea is 　　　 . A. Psychology of Infants　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Beauty in Variety C. Beauty and Race　　　 　　　　　　　　D. Beauty in Infants B America is a country on the move. In unheard-of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health. According to the latest figures,　59 per cent of American adults exercise regularly—up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago. Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active. It is hard not to get the message. The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads of everything from beauty soaps to travel books. Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises. Growing publicity ( 宣传) for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of running. Although running has leveled off in recent years as Americans have discovered equally rewarding--and sometimes safer—forms of exercise, such as walking and swimming, running remains the most popular form of exercise. As the popularity of exercise continues to mount, so does scientific evidence of its health benefits.　The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle groups vigorously (强有力地) enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months. 5. It can be learnt from the passage that the health benefits of exercise 　　　 . A. are to be further studied　　 B. are self-evident C. are yet to be proved　 D. are supported by scientific evidence 6. A growing interest in sports developed after　　　 . A. an increasing number of races were held in American cities B. research showed their health benefits C. scientific evidence of health benefits was shown on TV ads D. people got the message from magazine covers and postage stamps 7. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?　 A. Exercise—The Road to Health.　B. Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits. C. Different Forms of Exercise.　　D. Running—A Popular Form of Sport. 8. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase "leveled off" in the paragraph 2? A. Reached its lowest level in popularity.　　B. Stopped being popular. C. Stopped increasing in popularity.　　 D. Become very popular. C Unless we spend money spotting and preventing asteroids (小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists. Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don't threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth. Buy $ 50 million worth of new telescopes right now. Then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we'll have a way to change its course. Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldn't be cheap. Is it worth doing so? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: (1) How likely the event is; and (2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare--but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. "If we don't take care of these asteroids, they'll take care of us," says one scientist. "It's that simple. " The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? "The world has less to fear from doomsday (世界末日) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against it," said a Nero York Times article. 9. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids? A. They are heavenly bodies different in composition. B. They are heavenly bodies similar in nature. C. There are more asteroids than meteoroids. D. Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids. 10. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth? A. It is very unlikely but the danger exists. B. Such a collision might occur once every 25 years. C. Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected. D. It's still too early to say whether such a collision might occur. 11. What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids? A. It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem. B. It may create more problems than it might solve. C. It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely. D. Further research should be done before it is proved applicable. 12. We can conclude from the passage that　　　　　　　　　  . A. while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the world B. asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near future C. the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetime D. workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth D While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states--at least in getting people off welfare. It's estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994. In the past four years, welfare ro[s in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the. past two years took jobs that paid less than $ 6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent-- twice the national average. For advocates (代言人) for the poor, that's an indication that much more needs to be done. "More people are getting jobs, but it's not making their lives any better,' says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington. A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percent-age of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory. "Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,' says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. "The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It's beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德观),which is much more important. " Mr Rector and others argued that once "the habit of dependency is cracked", then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards. 13. From the passage, it can he seen that the author　　　　　　  . 　　A. believes the reform has reduced the government's burden 　　B. insists that welfare reform is doing little good to the poor 　　C. is over-enthusiastic about the success of welfare reform 　　D. considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful 14. Why aren't people enjoying better lives when they have jobs? A. Because many families are divorced.　B. Because government aid is now rare. C. Because their wages are low.　　 D. Because the cost of living .is rising. 15. What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that　　　　　 . 　　A. greater efforts should be made to improve people's living standards 　　B. 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years 　　C. 50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare 　　D. the living standards of most people are going down 16. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at　　　　　   . 　　A. saving welfare funds　 B. rebuilding the work ethics (观念） 　　C. providing more jobs　　D. cutting government expenses E In some urban centers, workaholism is so common that people do not consider it unusual: they accept the lifestyle as normal. Government workers in Washington D. C. , for example, frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week. They don't do this because they have to；they do it because they want to. Workaholism can be a serious problem.　Because true workaholics(工作狂) would rather work than do anything else, they probably don't know how to relax. Is workaholism always dangerous? Perhaps not. There are, certainly,　people who work well under stress. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in life. Their work is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy.　For most workaholics, work and entertainment keep them busy and creative. Why do workaholics enjoy their jobs so much? There are several advantages to work. Of course, it provides people with paychecks, and this is important. But it offers more than financial security. It provides people with self-confidence; they have a feeling of satisfaction when they've produced a challenging piece of work and are able to say, "I made that." .Psychologists claim that work gives people an identity(认同) through participation in work, they get a sense of self and individualism. In addition, most jobs provide people with a socially acceptable way to meet others. Perhaps some people are compulsive about their work, but their addiction seems to be a safe--even an advantageous—one: 17. The passage indicates that workaholics 　　　　　　 .  A. just know work but nothing else B. are willing to work hard for long hours without pay C. find their work provide them more satisfaction and self-confidence than how much they are paid D. has the work with more responsibility than others 18. One of the reasons that some people are not willing to quit their jobs even in their eighties and nineties is that _____. A. they are in the need of financial security B. they would rather work than be disturbed by domestic affairs C. they long for a sense of identity and being accomplished D. they may have health problems from sheer boredom(极端厌倦) 19. This passage is mainly about 　　　　　　 .  　　A. workaholics are usually successful people, but their lives are in a mess 　　B. workaholism can lead to serious problems but it can also create a joyful life 　　C. people who are absorbed in their work may enjoy movies, sports and other kinds of entertainment 　　D. those who work even under difficult conditions. may be very happy 20. It can be inferred from the passage that ______. 　　A. in the eyes of all the common people workaholics are peculiar 　　B. to workaholics, work is the sole source of happiness 　　C. a piece of challenging work may provide the workaholics a sense of satisfaction D. workaholics are as addicted to their job as other people are to drugs or alcohol 广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解（四） 姓名 ___________ 1-5 __ __ __ __ __ 6-10 __ __ __ __ __ 11-15 __ __ __ __ __ 16-20 __ __ __ __ __ A Most people agree that the direct, assertive(过分自信的) American personality is a virtue, but it sometimes surprises foreigners. In many cultures, respect for older people or those in positions of authority keeps others from expressing their true feelings. But in the U.S, children often argue with their parents, students may disagree with their teachers, and citizens may express opposition to the actions of the government. If the soup has a fly in it or the　meat is too tough to chew, the diner can complain to the waiter, if the boss makes a mistake, an employee will politely point it out. Some straight talk about the American character must include the admission that Americans have their faults. The extremely competitive nature of Americans is probably their worst fault. Of course, competition isn’t always bad. As a matter of fact, it promotes excellence by encouraging individuals and businesses to try to do their best. But the desire to get ahead of others sometimes causes people to do things that are unkind and even dishonest. Also, Americans admire what is practical, fast, efficient, and fresh. Sometimes they fail to understand and appreciate practices that have greater respect for more traditional, leisurely ways of doing things. On the other hand, people from other cultures may dislike the practical, challenging American lifestyle. Despite culture differences, most foreigners give Americans credit for their virtues. Americans are generally viewed as friendly, adaptable, energetic, and kindhearted. Most newcomers to the U.S. like Americans, and the feeling is usually mutual. Perhaps the greatest American virtue is a deep interest in new ideas and new people. In a nation of immigrants, the foreigner does not remain an outsider for long. 1.In order to show the respect for older people,.　　　. A. people from some other cultures will always express their true feeling B. people from some other cultures may sometimes hide their true feeling C. Americans always show their true feelings　　D. Americans usually argue with them 2.Why is the extremely competitive nature considered as one of American faults? A. Because people from other cultures fear competition. B. Because only American people own it.　 C. Because it will make people forget leisure. D. Because it may sometimes urge people to do something bad. 3.It can be inferred from the passage that . 　　　 . A. American people are more critical of everything than people from other cultures B. the author believes that American character has more faults than virtues C. the author admires American virtues as they are viewed as competitive and anti traditional D. it is difficult for newcomers to get on with Americans 4.The passage mainly talks about .　　　 . A. American virtues　B. American characters　C. American faults　 D. American lifestyles B The United States is trying to improve an edueation system that produces millions of citizens who cannot read, write, or add—let alone finding their country on a map. In his first State of Union message since taking office a year ago, President George Bush promised to wipe out illiteracy(文盲) in the next decade and declared that “by the year 2008, U.S students must be first in the world in math and science achievements. ” They have a long way to go. American students were placed 14th in a recent general science test conducted in 16 countries. In a separate survey of chemistry students, the United States came 12 out of 14. In a mathematics test, they were last. According to Bush, there are 17 million illiterates in this country of 245 million people. Other estimates put the number as high as 23 million. In percentage terms, that ranks the United States alongside Niearague and below Cuba. “This nation,” Bush said in his State of the Union address, “will not accept anything but excellent in education.” Bush, who has declared himself “Education president”, and senior officials of his administration are warning that the United States will be unable to compete in the world without an educated workforce. How to increase educational standards is a matter of debate in a country whose schools have no uniform national curriculum and are subject to a confusing variety of state and local controls. Most experts think that the problem lies at the elementary and high school 'levels rather than with universities-but even their graduates show huge gaps in general knowledge. Among the root causes most frequently mentioned in education debates is the low respect in which U.S. society holds teachers-in contrast to Japan and Germany. In Japan teaching is a profession of high prestige(威望) and high pay. In the United States teachers are near the bottom of the society. 5.By“the United States came 12 out of 14”(Para. 2), the author means .　　　 A. the United States ranked 12th not 14th in the chemistry test B. the United States ranked 12th in the chemistry test conducted by 14 countries C. the United States progressed from 14th to 12th in the chemistry test D. the United States ranked 12th in chemistry test and 14th in general science test 6.The cause of low educational level in America include the following EXCEPT that .　　　 A. some problems exist in primary and secondary education B. society keeps teachers in low respect C. America pays more attention to economy instead of education D. America has no uniform national courses 7.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage? A. President Bush carried out his promise made in his first State of Union message. B. The education in Japan and Germany is in higher level. C. According to Bush, the number of illiterates accounts for 9% of the total. D. Teachers in the United States enjoy good treatment and great respect. 8.Which of the following is the right order of the least-first of the percent of illiterates? A. Germany, Cuba, Nicaragua.　　　　 B. Germany, Nicaragua, Cuba. C. Nicaragua, Japan, Cuba.　　 　　　 D. Cuba, Japan, Nicaragua. C Never in the history of Sierra Leone’s elections have women so actively engaged in politics or competed for parliamentary seats. In the past, women did the dancing and cooking for elections campaigning. In the May 14th elections, we saw over 168 women candidates competitive for President, Vice President and Parliamentary seats. One would think that about 60% of these women would have emerged as winners. But it was not so, because of our cultural perception of women. We need to change our culture. Women could be active politicians. The Christians in their own way encouraged women to be preachers(传教士) but the Muslim leaders say women should not head for officiating(主持) prayers. The same happens in certain parts of the country where women are not part of decision taken in male secret societies. This prevents them from achieving some of their goals. A senior head in one of the ministries told me that she was getting problems with some of her staff members especially the male staff. Most women that come from the Northern part of country experience such problems. Some men are saying that a woman cannot be their leader. Some women are also prejudiced against their women folks. In the last elections, most woman did not support their colleagues. In some parts of the country, because they are not members of secret societies they were not allowed to contest for chieftaincies (酋长或首领的位置). However, Sierra Leones not withstanding the cultural prejudice against women has witnessed women occupying high public offices. They have been appointed to head certain areas. Sierra Leone is moving from its past culture. We need a change in our culture. Women all over the world are recognized one way or the other as they are now involved in the use of technology. We now see women as air pilots, and they even attempt to go to travel in space. 9.In the past, women in Sierra Leone .　　　 . A. took active part in politics　　　　　　　　　　 B. contested for parliamentary seats C. danced and cooked for the election campaigning  D. shared the equal rights with men 10.About 60% of the women engaged in election would have succeeded if .　　　 . A. there were less prejudice against women　　　　  B. less Muslim leaders had objected C. more women had been engaged in the election　　 D. more preachers had supported them 11.The author concludes that the women candidates can’t win the competitive vote because .　　　 A. women is more suitable for the dancing and cooking job B. women candidates can’t get the support of their folks C. women prejudice still exists in today’s society D. women are not capable enough to be a chieftain 12.The main idea of the passage is . A. the prejudice against women in various fields B. women in Sierra Leone, striving for their political rights C. women in Sierra Leone, challenge for men’s status D. women in Sierra Leone, being involved in politics D Every day 25 million U.S. children ride school buses. The safety record for these buses is much better than for passenger cars; but nevertheless, about 10 children are killed each year riding on large school buses, and nearly four times that number are killed outside buses in the loading zones. By and large, however, the nation’s school children are transported to and from school safety. Even though the number of school bus accidents is not large, the safety of children is always of intense public concern. While everyone wants to see children transported safely, people are divided about what needs to be done-particularly whether seat belts should be compulsory. People in favour of seat belts on school buses-many of them parents and medical organizations-argue that seat belts are necessary not only to reduce fatality and injury, but also to teach children lessons about the importance of using them routinely in any moving vehicle. A side benefit, they point out, is that seat belts help keep children in their seats, away from the bus driver. People who object to seat belt installation suggest that children are already well protected by the school buses that follow the Nation Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) safety requirements set in 1977. They also believe that many children won’t wear seat belts anyway, and that may damage the belts or use them as weapons to hurt other children. A new Research council report on school bus safety suggest that there are alternate safety devices and procedures that may be more effective and less expensive. For example, the study committee suggested that raising seat backs four inches may have the same safety effectiveness as seat belts. The report sponsored by the Department of transportation at the request of Congress, re views seat belts extensively while taking a broader look at safety in and around school buses. 13.According to the passage, the “school bus” is .　　　 A. the bus offered by the school and different from the public bus B. the bus that has no difference from the public bus C. the bus that is driven by the students　　　　 D. the bus that is not safe 14.According to the passage, who has the greatest degree of control of the school buses “safety”? A. A new Research Council.　　　　　 B. The Department of Transportation. C. The Medical Organization.　　　　 D. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 15.It may be inferred from this passage that .　　　 . A. many of the opponents(反对者) of seat belt installation are parents and officials of the Department of Transportation B. proposals of seat belts on school buses would be seriously considered C. an alternate safety device (raising seat backs four inches) may be taken into consideration D. The Department of Transportation may either take the idea of seat belts or other measures when it reviews the whole situation 16.The title below which best expresses the idea of the passage is“”. A. Making School Buses Even Safer for Children　　 B. Seat Belts Needed on School Buses C. Alternate Safety Devices and Procedures　　　　 D. Safety in and around School Buses E While drunken driving may be on the decline, traffic safety experts remain puzzled over how to deal with another alcohol-related danger: drunken pedestrians. Pedestrians struck and killed by cars often are extremely drunk. In fact, they are intoxicated more frequently-and with higher blood-alcohol levels-than drunken drivers who are killed in accidents, various studies have shown. Forty percent of adult pedestrians involved in fatal crashes have a blood-alcohol level of at least 0.10-which by law in most states signifies intoxication-compared to only 25 percent of drivers in deadly accidents, according to recent federal data. Some types of pedestrian accidents have been declining nationally, especially those involving children, but the number of adult pedestrians who are drunk when killed in traffic has remained relatively steady at 2500 a year. The total number of pedestrians killed annually in U.S. traffic accidents is at least 7000, or one of every seven highway accidents resulting in death. “We’re dealing here, we think, with a very severe drinking problem that leads to a severe highway safety problem,” said Richard Blomberg, president of Dunlap and Associates Inc, in Norwalk, Coon. Blomberg, whose consulting company found a very high rate of alcohol involvement in a controlled study of pedestrian accidents in New Orleans, was among several researchers who spoke on the topic at the annual meeting of the Research council’s Transportation Research Board(TRB)　in Washington in January. Pedestrian accidents have not received enough attention in the past, according to Kay Colpitts, who chairs the board’s committee on pedestrians. Few methods exist to monitor walking habits, she said, and researchers have been mystified about how to prevent disasters. 17.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Traffic Safety.　　　　　　　　　 B. Drunken Drivers. C. Drunken Pedestrian Accidents.　　 D. A Severe Highway Safety problem. 18.Among the causes of walkers’ accidents, the most serious problem is .　　　 A. long delays in traffic signals that may make people cross streets without paying attention to traffic rules B. alcohol C. a lack of adult keeping eyes on many children involved in accidents D. former drunken drivers whose licenses are not allowed to use for a time 19.According to recent federal data, drunken drivers with an over 0.10 blood-alcohol level in deadly accidents .　　　 A. are 15 percent less than drunken adult walkers with the same level　 B. are 2500 a year C. are at least 7000 in US traffic accidents　 D. make up one-seventh of highway accidents 20.According to the passage, what is Blomberg? A.A researcher.　　　　　　　　　　　  B. A specialist in traffic safety. C. A clerk of a consulting company.　　　　D.A government official 广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解（五） 姓名 ___________ 1-5 __ __ __ __ __ 6-10 __ __ __ __ __ 11-15 __ __ __ __ __ 16-20 __ __ __ __ __ A Despite bankruptcies, lay off and tighter costumers spending, a few female businesses in Japan are developing well. Shizue Hamada，52，set up a business in 1991 with eight other housewives-to care for the elderly and the physically disabled. It wasn’t long before the Tasukeai Yui(mutual -aid group) earned a reputation for its excellent service. It now employs 200  staff　and　has  300 million yuan(US $2.4million)in annual sales. The woman said their business has been successful because they provide what customers really want. These entrepreneurs are making use of a realized and healthy demand for everyday basic items. Bread，for instance，is　in  high demand．Business　woman Meiko Tanaka，26，started selling high-quality bread over the Internet in 2000. “Bread is cheap，”she said. “We might as well eat the bread baked using the highest-quality ingredients.” Five women—former office workers in their late 20s—have started the “OL Food Bureau of Investigation” to review restaurants on the Internet. OL means young office lady. It’s a common nickname in Japan． Business is increasing rapidly．Membership for their online magazine has reached 26,000. Their non-professional comments　seem to carry a lot of weight with consumers．This month the five women will be appearing on Japanese TV． What all these female entrepreneurs have in common is a strong belief in their　likes and dislikes，and confidence is their own sensibilities． They find gaps in the market and fill them with products and services that they like or want. Japanese women headed nearly 6 percent of all  businesses in Japan at the end of  June—up from 4.5 per cent in 1999. These female—led micro—businesses are playing an increasingly large role in the economy by plugging the gap between supply and demand. 1.When talking about the businesswomen in Japan，the writer 　　　  A. thinks little of them　　  B. thinks that they will take the place of men in future C. sings the praises of　their abilities　　D. is not sure of　their future development 2.The passage mainly discusses .　　　 A. Japanese women　　　　　　　　　　　  B. female-led businesses in Japan C. how to earn a reputation　　　　　　 　　D. Japanese economic development 3.The five women will be appearing on Japanese TV because 　　　　. A. thier comments have great influences on consumers B. they have set up the first online magazine C. they have arranged hundreds of jobs for laid-off workers D. they used to work in offices and are fairly beautiful 4.If an old man in Japan can't live by himself，he should turn to　　　　for help. A. Tasukeai Yui　B. Meiko Tanaka　 C. OL Food Bureau of Investigation　 D. entrepreneurs B Net Libray is a library that lends out digital books. It treats a digital like a paperback copy. It charges libraries per book per copy and gives publishers a cut of the total income. From the consumer’s point of view，this means that if more than，Say, five people want the latest Danielle Steel romance novel，other people who request　that book will get a message saying the title can’t be found. It’s a model many publishers seem to have embraced. More than 350 gave the　company rights to hand out their digital works，and McGraw-Hill Corporation and　Houghton Mifflin Corporation have put money in the company. The California public　libraries and about 1，800 others across the US are trying out the Net Library service. Some librarians criticize the New Library model. Stanford University librarian　Michael Keller argues that the company is creating an unnatural fear of digital woks,　which is contrary to the ideas of the Internet. Kelle and some　other　librarians argue　for  the　e-book　vision　set forth by E-Brary. E-Brary is starting a service that lets us users read books for free. 　 But it will charge about 25 cents a page when a person tries to print out material or copy and paste it into a different file or tries to download copy onto a computer. Christopher Warnock，chief executive of E-Brary, believes most consumers won’t want to buy entire books，only the parts that interest them. “There’s not really a lot of good in owning an electronic file and having to store it and manage it. It doesn't make sense.” he said. 5.How do publishers get money from the Net Library? A. They get money from selling their books to the Net Library. B. They share the money with the Net Library. C. They get money by cutting the cost of the books. D. They get the money from the readers. 6.The underlined word “embraced” in the 3rd paragraph means 　　　  A. taken something willingly　　　　　　　　　　  B. held something tightly C. disliked something badly　　　　　　　　　　　 D. tried out something hard 7.From the 2nd paragraph we can see consumers .　　　 A. don’t care if they are charged money　  B. enjoy the service of the Net Library C. don’t like other people borrowing books D. complain about the limited number of the new books 8.What does the last paragraph mean? A. Net Library is not a good way for the consumers. B. There is no need for consumers to have a whole book. C. E-Brary is not a good library for the consumers. D. It’s reasonable to charge the consumers money for copying some pages. C Thousands of years ago people guessed the time of day by watching the sun. Later，they found it was easier to tell the exact time by looking at the shadows. Thus， the sundial(日晷) was invented. The sundial proved a useful timepiece in sunny weather. However，another type of timepiece was necessary　for cloudy weather and nigh time. A sand glass was another common measurer of time. Two glass bottles were connected by a very small opening. The top bottle was filled with sand，which dropped slowly into the bottom one in a certain period of time. Hour glasses were widely used then. Three—minute sand glasses are still used in many homes to time the boiling of eggs. The real ancestor of modern clocks was the water clock. In China ,an early　water clock was made up of several bowls. Water trickled(滴) from one bowl to another to keep the clock　going. Visitors to the　Beijing Palace Museum can still see the old　water clocks showing the time there. In the Middle Ages a waterless clock was invented which worked by means of　weights. To keep the weight falling at the same  speed，a system of wheels was invented. The pendulum(钟摆) was soon developed to control the speed of the wheels. Thus the modern form of clock came into being. 9.Which of the following is the correct picturr of a sand glass? 　　　　 A.　　　　　　　　　  B.　　　　　　　　　　　 C.　　　　　　　　　　 D. 10.Three minute sand glasses are still used in many homes 　　　　. A. to boil eggs　　　　　　　　　　　　  B. to measure the time of boiling eggs C. to hold the boiled eggs　　　　　　　　 D. to have eggs boiled 11.If you visit Beijing Palace Museum, you 　　　　. A. will see the old water clocks broken B. will find the time shown by the old water clocks is wrong C. can find the old water clocks still telling the time there D. will find the old water clocks have gone 12.In the Middle Ages the weight falling speed of a clock was kept by . A. several bowls　 B. a system of wheels　C. a system of pendulum　 D. several springs D When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions: Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experience. Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person’s perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by some. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers. Sometimes we see only what we want to see what may be obverse to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus—“He’s basically a good boy, so what I saw was not shoplifting.”　We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information—“All kids get into mischief(顽皮). Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We call change the meaning of the contradictory information—“It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”... 13.While observing a particular person,　　　　. A. one is likely to take all aspects into consideration B. one pays more attention to his or her advantages C. children often differ from gown-ups in perception D. one tends to choose certain cues to look for 14.Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because 　　　　. A. their yardsticks are not the same　　 B. either of them may be slow to catch information C. the time for observations is not long enough D. each of them uses different language to express his or her impressions 15.The underlined word “ignore” in Paragraph 4 means to 　　　　. A. understand something　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. try to do something C. pay no attention to something　　　　　　　　　 D. know something better 16.The worst thing in selective perception is that 　　　　. A. perceived information runs against your desire  B. facts can be totally ignored and distorted C. importance of contradictory information can be overrated D. the same information may not be dealt with in the same way E WASHINGTONLaura Straub is a very worried woman.　Her job is to find families for French teenagers who expect to live with American families in the summer. It’s not easy, even desperate. “We have many children left to place: 40 out of 75,” said Straub, who works for a Paris based foreign exchange programme called LEC. When exchange programmes started 50 years ago, more families were willing to help others. For one thing, more mothers stayed home. But now, increasing numbers of women work outside the home. Exchange student programmes have struggled in recent years to sign up host families for the 30,000 teenagers who come from abroad every year to have some courses for one year in the United States. as well as the thousands more who take part in summer programmes. School systems in many parts of the US, unhappy about accepting non-taxpaying students, have also strictly limited the number of exchange students they accept. At the same time, the idea of hosting foreign students is becoming less exotic (异国情调的). In searching for host families, who usually receive no pay, exchange programmes are increasingly broadening their requests to include everyone from young couples to the retired. “We are open to many different types of families.” said Vickie Weiner, eastern regional director for ASSE, a 25-year-old programme that sends about 30,000 teenagers on one-year exchange programmes worldwide. For elderly people, exchange students “keep up young——they really do,” said Jean Foster, who is hosting 16-year-old Nina Porst from Denmark. 17.Foreign teenagers come to American families with the purpose of _____. A. finding their parents in America　　　　 B. finding good jobs in America C. learning the culture of America　　　　  D. enjoying the life of America 18.In the past, Straub’s job was easy, because American families . A. needed more money to live　　　　　　  B. had fewer children to support C. had spare rooms to rent　　　　　　　　 D. were not as busy as now 19.To deal with the problem in recent years, Straub and her workmates have to . A. ask different kinds of families for help　　B. limit the number of the exchange students C. borrow much money to pay for the costs　D. force some families to accept students 20.From the last paragraph we can conclude that . A. exchange students are welcome in America B. exchange students must pay much money to the host families C. American students don’t want to join the exchange programmes D. old Americans can benefit from hosting exchange students 广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解（六） 姓名 ___________ 1-5 __ __ __ __ __ 6-10 __ __ __ __ __ 11-15 __ __ __ __ __ 16-20 __ __ __ __ __ A Material Girl no more? Madonna says writing children’s books is more satisfying than being a movie star. Her book, The English Roses, went on sale on September 15th, appearing in 100 countries and in 30 languages as the first in her series of tales for children. The pop diva (女歌唱家), whose only book until now was the 1992 photo essay titled “Sex”, said she wrote the books to teach children some of the life lessons she’s learned over the years. “The most fun that I’ve had of all the things I’ve done successfully has been to write these books. A lot of it has to do with the fact that I’m not doing it to become more famous, and I’m not doing it to become richer. I’m doing it because I want to share something I know with children.” Hours after its release, the 48-page book was already No. 8 on Amazon, com’s sales list. The first print is 1 million copies worldwide, with more than 750,000 in the United States. The English Roses is about a friendship shared by four girls and their mutual (共同的) envy of a beautiful classmate, with illustrations (插图) by fashion artist Jeffrey Fulvimari. “There is one life-giving force in the world,” Madonna declared. “When we disconnect from this life-giving force, that’s when we bring pain and suffering into our lives. Each of the stories has to do with different ways you disconnect from God. ”Madonna also said she was deeply affected by the experience of raising two children, Lourdes, 6, and Rocco, 3. The English Roses is the latest among a growing number of celebrity-written children’s books. The next book in the series, “Mr Peabody’s Apples,” will be out in November. Each tale is set in a different time and　place and has new characters and different illustrators. 1.How many books does Madonna’s series of tales include? A. At least 3.　　　  B. 4.　　　 C. At least 2.　　　　　  D. 6. 2.According to the idea of Madonna, the underlined phrase “life-giving force” in Paragraph 5 refers to　　　 . A. The English Roses.　　  B. God　　　 C. Mr Peabody’s Apples.　 D. her life 3.When Madonna said writing children’s books was more satisfying than being a movie star,she meant that 　　　 . A. she was more satisfied with her writing children’s books B. she was more satisfied as a movie star　　　 C. being a movie star was not really successful D. she was not a Material Girl any more 4.According to the passage, Madonna wrote the book The English Roses in order to 　　　 . A. provide children with fun　　　　　　　　　　　 B. teach children some life lessons C. teach children how to become famous　　　　　　 D. share her success with children B London——Laura Spence has excellent grades, a place at Harvard University and a US $25,000 a year scholarship. The British Government says that is scandal(丑闻). Not because the 18-year-old girl is going to Harvard, but because she was rejected by Oxford University. Her case makes people talk about the long-running problems about elitism(精英主义) in British education. “I think it’s a scandal if a child has to go to Harvard rather than getting into Oxford, don’t you?” Education Secretary David Blunkett said on May 26th in an interview on BBC radio. British Treasury chief Gordon Brown said in a speech on May 25th it was “an absolute scandal”, a girl with those grades was turned down by Oxford’s Magdalen College. He noted that Spence comes from Monkseaton in northeastern England, where people sometimes complain they get fewer chances than people living in the richer, more populous south. Oxford and Cambridge University now take the majority of their students—53 percent—from publicly funded schools. Elite(精英)private schools such as Eton and Harrow account for the other 47 percent, even though they serve only 7 percent of secondary students. A BBC reporter had seen notes of Spence’s interview at Magdalen. “As with other comprehensive school pupils, she’s low in confidence and difficult to draw out of herself in spite of being able to think on her feet,” the BBC quoted the notes as saying. Still, the notes concluded that Spence “will be an excellent doctor.” “It appears as if some of our institutions have admissions procedures which may be because of absurd prejudices against children from comprehensive schools…are not giving these children a fair crack of the whip”, Education Minister Wicks told the BBC. 5.Laura Spence was rejected by Oxford University because. A. she was a girl of 18 years old　　 B. she lacked confidence and she couldn’t think by herself C. she didn’t win excellent grades D. she was a shy girl from a comprehensive school in the poorer, less populous north 6.If Laura Spence was from such a school as Eton,. A. she would be admitted to Oxford　  B. she would be accepted by Harvard C. she could cause long-running problems about elitism in British education D. she wouldn’t be an excellent doctor 7.What’s the meaning of “a fair crack of the whip” in the last paragraph? A. A good chance.　　　B. Warning.　　　 C. Rejection.　　　　  D. Admission 8.According to Education Minister Wick’s words, we know he . A. thought there was something wrong with procedures of admissions to their institutes B. took the side of Oxford University C. considered giving up children from comprehensive schools　 D. didn’t tell the truth to the BBC C Guide to Restaurants in New York City Nearly 1,000 restaurants are included in this latest edition of the most trusted guide to eating well in New York. Brief reviews by the city’s most respected food writers are made more readable by what cannot be found in any other restaurant guide, including: suggested dishes final bill. Hardcover.$14.95. How Electronic Things Work A guided tour of everyday technology from the pages of the New York Times Circuits section, with easy-to-understand explanations of the inner workings of computers, CD players, ATM’s, digital cameras and 76 other devices, 100 illustrations，St. Martin’s Press. 195 pages. Hardcover. The New York Times Book of Natural Disasters The book gathers together the paper’s finest articles about humankind’s quest to understand natural disasters. Possible causes and effects of global warming are studied, as is the surprising force of nature’s violent excitement in such phenomena as hurricanes, forest fires, sinkholes and others. Illustrated, soft cover, 216 pages,$16.95. Campaigns: A Century of Presidential Races Every campaign since 1900—including the historic 200 races—in images from the New York Times Photo Archives. With 350 photos, contemporary newspaper reports and an introduction by prize-winning historian Alan Brinkldy DK Publishing. 410 pages. Hardcover. 9.A student of history is most likely to take　listed above. A. the fourth book　　　B. the third book　　　　C. the second book　　　 D. the first book 10.The underlined word “others” in Paragraph 3 may include. A. traffic accidents　　  B. floods　　　　　　　  C. pollution　　　　　  D. diseases 11.It can be learned from one of the books how to. A. repair your digital camera for yourself　 B. work out the expenses before going　to a restaurant C. get the latest information about natural disasters　 D. learn a lot about historian Alan Brinkley D Doors and windows can’t keep them out; airport immigration officers can’t stop them and the Internet is a complete reproduction soil. They seem harmless in small doses, but large imports threaten Japan’s very uniqueness, say critics. “They are foreign words and they are infecting the Japanese language”. “Sometimes I feel like I need a translator to understand my own language, ”says Yoko Fujimura with little anger, a 60-year-old Tokyo restaurant worker. “It’s becoming incomprehensible”. It’s not only Japan who is on the defensive. Countries around the globe are wet through their hands over the rapid spread of American English. Coca-Cola, for example, is one of the most recognized terms on Earth. It is made worse for Japan, however, by its unique writing system. The country writes all imported utterances(言论) except Chinese—in a different script called katakana (片假名). It is the only country to keep up such a difference. Katakana takes far more space to write than kanji—the core pictograph (象形文字) characters that the Japanese borrowed from China 1,500 years ago. Because it stands out, readers complain that sentences packed with foreign words start to look like extended strings of lights. As if that weren’t enough, katakana terms tend to get puzzling. For example, digital camera first appears as degitaru kamera. Then they became the more ear-pleasing digi kamey. But kamey is also the Japanese word for turtle. “It’s very disappointing not knowing what young people are talking about,” says humorously Minoru Shiratori, a 53yearold bus driver. “Sometimes I can’t tell if they’re discussing cameras or turtles.” In a bid to stop the flood of katakana, the government has formed a Foreign Words Committee to find suitable Japanese replacements. The committee is slightly different from French-style language police, which try to support a law that forbids advertising in English. Rather, committee members and traditionalists hope a non-stop campaign of persuasion, gentle criticism and leadership by example can turn the tide. 12.According to the author, the reason why the Japanese is infected greatly by English is .　　　 A. that nothing can prevent it from entering into Japan B. that English is the most recognized language in the world C. that the government has not set up a special administration department to control this trend　 before it becomes popular in Japan D. not clearly mentioned in this passage 13.By saying “counties around the globe are wet through their hands over the rapid spread of American English,” the author infers that 　　　 . A. even a restaurant worker in Japan may feel the English infection on Japanese B. the flood of katakana has covered most of countries in the world C. Coca-Cola is the most popular on the earth and this product covers all the global market D. many other countries are affected greatly by American English 14.According to the author, the last paragraph mainly deals with.　　　 A. how French-style language police has prevented the infection of English B. how Japanese Foreign Words Committee prevents the infection of foreign words C. the suitable Japanese replacements D. why committee members and traditionalists begin to declare a war against the infection of foreign words 15.Which conclusion can be drawn based on the opinions from the Japanese people (in paragraph 2 and 4 of this passage)? A. The elders strongly advocates replacing the foreign words than young people. B. All the people dislike speaking the foreign words, such as “digi kamey”. C. They are so old that it is necessary to give some language assistance by a specialist. D. People’s work determines the language they speak. E More surprising, perhaps, than the present difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a drop in the early 1970s,the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains by far the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society. What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty-five years ago, the typical American family was made up of a husband, a wife, and two or three children. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wife’s former marriage, or the husband’s, or both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses (配偶). Thus, one can find every type of family arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present marriage; marriages with “full-time” children from both the present and former marriages; marriages with “full-time” children from the present marriage and “part-time” children from former marriages. There are stepfathers, stepmothers, half-brothers, and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are great changes from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, even in the midst  of all this, there remains one constant: Most Americans spend most of their adult lives married. 16.By calling American marrying people the author means that .　　　 A. Americans are more traditional than Europeans　 B. Americans expect more out of marriage than Europeans C. there are more married couples in U.S.A. than in Europe D. more of Americans, as compared with Europeans, prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age 17.Divorced Americans 　　　 . A.　　  prefer the way they live　　B. will most likely remarry C. have lost faith in marriage　 D. are the vast majority of people in the society 18.Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today’s American families? A. Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable. B.A typical American family is made up of only a husband and a wife. C. Americans prefer to have more kids than before.　 D. There are no nuclear families any more. 19.“Part time” children 　　　 . A. spend some of their time with their half brothers and some of their time with their half-sisters B. spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage C. are shared between the two former spouses　　　　  D. cannot stay with “full-time” children 20.Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families, ______. A. the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage B. the functions of marriage remain unchanged C. most Americans prefer a second marriage D. most divorced Americans would rather not remarry 广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解（七） 姓名 ___________ 1-5 __ __ __ __ __ 6-10 __ __ __ __ __ 11-15 __ __ __ __ __ 16-20 __ __ __ __ __ A Looking back on　my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.  Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects. I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm had led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research. But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist, up to a certain point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds. 1.The first paragraph tells us the author .　　　　 A. was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood　B. lost his hearing when he was a child C. didn’t like his brothers and sisters　　 D. was born to a naturalist’s family 2.The author can’t remember his relatives clearly because 　　　　. A. he didn’t live very long with them　  B. the family was extremely large C. he was too young when he lived with them　 D. he was fully occupied with observing nature 3.It can be inferred from the passage that the author was 　　　　. A. a scientist as well as a naturalist　　　B. a naturalist but not a scientist C. no more than a born naturalist　　　 D. first of all a scientist 4.The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he_____.. A. has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic B. lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist C. just reads about other people’s observations and discoveries D. comes up with solutions in a most natural way B Hiring a self-drive car really adds to the enjoyment of your holiday. There are so many places of interest to visit, and if you enjoy seeing more than just the city center there’s no better way to explore than by car. Hire　Charges What’s included What’s not included a)Unlimited mileage(英里数) b)Expenses on oil, maintenance(保养) and repairs, which will be repaid on production of invoices(发票) a)Personal accident insurance. b)Garaging, petrol, parking and traffic fines. Condition of Hire The shortest rental period at these specially low prices is three days. For prices for periods of one or two days you only see our representative at the hotel. Car hire must be booked six weeks or more before arrival in London to guarantee a car. But if you have been unable to make a booking in advance, please see our representative at the hotel who may still be able to help you. The car types on the sheet are examples of the types of cars in each price range, but a particular car cannot be guaranteed. Upon delivery the driver(s) will be asked to sign the car hire company’s Conditions of Hire. If you decide to hire a car, just fill in the Booking Form and return it to us. A booking fee of ￡12 as part of the car hire cost is required. Should you be forced to cancel your car hire booking after payment in full (two weeks before date of hire), a cancellation charge of ￡12 will be made. 5.From the advertisement we can see a car hirer will pay 　　　　　. A. insurance against damage to the car　　　　　 B. insurance against injury to the driver C. the cost of maintenance of the car　　　　　  D. the cost of repairs to the car 6.Which of the following is NOT true judging from the advertisement? A. Such an advertisement most likely appears in a newspaper. B. You are required to fill in a form before you hire a car. C. You are pretty certain to hire a particular car if you’d like to. D. You have to pay a booking fee when you hire a car from the company. 7.If car hirers change their minds after paying the whole cost of hiring, the ￡12 booking fee is ______. A. partly returned　 B. doubly paid　C. not returned at all　 D. returned within two weeks. C In only two decades Asian Americans have become the fastest growing U. S. minority. As their children began moving up through the nation schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation’s best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U. S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree. Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds success, such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education. Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship. 8.While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian-American students 　　　　　. A. feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English B re afraid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian character C. still worry about unfair treatment in society D. generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents 9.What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans? A. A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture. B. Hard work and intelligence. C. Parents’ help and a limited knowledge of English. D. Asian culture and the American educational system. 10.Few Asian American students major in human sciences mainly because　　　　　　. A. their English is not good enough B. they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas C. there is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures D. they know little about American culture and society 11.Why do “both explanations” (Para. 3) worry Asian Americans? A. They are afraid that they will again be isolated from American society in general. B. People will think that Asian students rely on their parents for success. C. Asian Americans will be a threat to other minorities. D. American academic achievements have taken on too strong an Asian character. D How to eat healthfully can be especially complex for working women who often have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or for anyone else). Registered dietitian(营养专家)Barhara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help. “Go for nutrient-dense foods,” she suggests, “foods that contain a multiple of nutrients. For example, select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food, rather than coffee cake. Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink, which contains only a small percentage of real juice—the rest is largely colored sugar water. You just can’t compare the value of these foods, the nutrient-dense ones are so superior,” she emphasizes. Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life—it’s the foundation of a healthful diet. Diets which are based on one or two foods are not only virtually impossible to keep up the strength, they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients aren’t supplied in sufficient amounts or balance. According to Morrissey, trying to find a diet that can cure your illnesses, or make you superwoman is a fruitless search. As women, many of us are too concerned with staying thin, she says, and we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food. “We need carbohydrates, protein and fat—they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are like the match, the spark, for the fuel,” she explains. “We need them all, but in a very different proportions. And if the fuel isn’t there, the spark is useless.” 12.From the paragraph we know that working women . 　　　　　 A. think cooking is especially complicated　B. do not share the same views with registered dietitians C. are busy and not interested in cooking　　　　 D. are likely to eat healthfully 13.Orange juice is different from orange drink in that　　　　　　. A. it contains only a small percentage of real juice B. it is natural, nutritious and prepared from real oranges C. it is largely orange colored sugar water　　D. it produces nothing but calories 14.In Paragraph 4, “a fruitless search” means　　　　　　. A. an effort with no results　　　　　　　 B. a search for a diet without fruits C. a research on fruitless diet　　　　　　 D. a diet serving as medicine 15.Many women take it for granted, according to passage that　　　　　　. A. a balanced diet can result in being fat　　　B. staying thin and healthy are both possible C. lack of variety in diets leads to staying thin　D. vitamins are some kind of substitutions for food 16.By “if the fuel isn’t there, the spark is useless”, the author means　　　　　　. A. carbohydrates, protein and fat are enough to support a human life B. vitamins and minerals are virtually of no value C. carbohydrates, protein and fat are as important as vitamins and minerals D. without carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no use E Does a drink a day keep heart attacks away? Over the past 20 years, numerous studies have found that moderate alcohol consumption, say, one or two beers, glasses of wine or cocktails daily helps to prevent coronary heart disease. Last week a report in the New England Journal of Medicine added strong new evidence in support of that theory. More important, the work provided the first solid indication of how alcohol works to protect the heart. In the study, researchers from Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School compared the drinking habits of 340 men and women who had suffered recent heart attack with those of healthy people of the same age and sex. The scientists found that people who sip one to three drinks a day are about half as likely to suffer heart attacks as nondrinkers are. The apparent source of the protection: those who drank alcohol had higher blood levels of high-density lipoproteins, the so-called good cholesterol, which is known to prevent heart disease. As evidence has mounted, some doctors have begun recommending a daily drink for patients of heart diseases. But most physicians are not ready to recommend a regular happy hour for everyone. The risks of teetotalling(绝对戒酒) are nothing compared with the dangers of too much alcohol, including high blood pressure, strokes and liver troubles—not to mention violent behaviour and traffic accidents. Moreover, some studies suggest that even　moderate drinking may increase the incidence of breast and colon cancer. Until there is evidence that the benefits of a daily dose of alcohol outweigh the risks, most people won’t be able to take a doctor’s prescription to the neighbourhood bar or liquor store. 17.The medical article quoted in the first paragraph indicates　　　　　　. A.　　  the way in which alcohol can help the heart　　　 B.　　  how a couple of cocktails daily can stop heart problems C.　　  why alcoholic drinks are dangerous to one’s health　 D.　　 that reports on the advantages of alcohol were misled 18.Experiments showed that nondrinkers had . A. larger amounts of good cholesterol　　 B. smaller amounts of good cholesterol C. higher blood pressure　　　　　　　  D. lower blood pressure 19.According to the passage, moderate drinking　　　　　　. A. is recommended by most doctors for heart patients　 B. should be allowed on prescription C. is still not medically advisable　　　　　　　　  D. is not related to liver problems 20.The main theme of this passage is _____. A. the change in recent drinking habits　　 B. the connection between cancer and alcohol C. whether moderate drinkers outlive nondrinkers D. whether alcohol may be good for one’s health 广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解（八） 姓名 ___________ 1-5 __ __ __ __ __ 6-10 __ __ __ __ __ 11-15 __ __ __ __ __ 16-20 __ __ __ __ __ A On September 22, 1986, Jay Brunkella, a police-officer in the Rogers Park district in Chicago, was shot during a drug arrest and died. Shortly afterwards, fellow officer Ken Knapcik, a 20-year veteran (老警官) of the force, returned home after work to find a note from his 15-year-old daughter on the dining table. Dad-This poem came directly from my heart. I love you so much! It scares and amazes me that you go out every day and risk everything to provide us with all that we have. I wrote this to express how much I love you and how much lost I’d be without you-Laura. P.S.: Hey, let’s be careful out there. Titled “The Ultimate Cop”, Laura’s poem was dedicated “To all the cops in the world who have daughters who love them with all their hearts. And especially to my dad.” It was about a police-officer’s daughter who sees on the night time news that her father has been shot. Part of poem: “Daddy, my Daddy, can you hear me cry? Oh, God, I need my Daddy, please don’t let him die.” Ken Knapcik stood alone as he read the poem. “It took me several minutes,” he said. “I’d get through part of it and have to stop before I could go on. I was weeping. She had never told me she was scared.” He took the poem to work the next day and showed it to his fellow officers. “I’ve never seen so many grown men cry. Some couldn’t finish it.” Knapcik keeps Laura’s poem in the pocket of his police jacket. He takes it with him every time he leaves the house for a new shift. “I don’t want to be out there without it.” he said, “I’ll probably carry it with me forever.” 1.Laura wrote the poem ______. A. in memory of her father who was shot in the drug arrest B. to show her great sorrow in losing her father C. to show her respect to all the cops who lost their lives D. to tell officer Ken Knapcik how much she loved him 2.All the officers cried because ______. A. Jay Brunkella was shot and died　　B. they were greatly touched by the poem C. the poem was so sad that they couldn’t hold back their tears D. they thought of their dangerous life 3.Knapcik keeps Laura’s poem in his pocket ______. A. to treasure her daughter’s love and to value his own life　 B. to keep it from missing C. because he can’t go out without it　　 D. to mourn over the death of officer Jay Brunkella 4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Poem for a cop　B. An officer’s death　C. Daughter’s love　D. Love my job, love my daughter B “Time is a problem for children,” states a news report for a new Swiss watch. Children in some countries “learn time slowly” because “they don’t wear watches” and “parents don’t really know how to teach them time.” The children grow up with this handicap and become adults-and then can’t get to work on time. Is there an answer to this problem? Of course-it’s the Flik Flak, made by a famous Swiss watch company. The Flik Flak is being marketed as something teaching watch for children aged 4 to 10. The watch itself does not teach children how to tell time, of course; it merely “takes their imagination” by presenting the “hour” hand as a beautiful red girl named Flak and the “minute” hand as a tall blue boy named Flik. Flik points to related “blue” minutes on the dial, while Flak points to “red” hour numbers. The characters and colors combined with parental help, are supposed to teach young children how to tell time. The watch comes equipped with a standard battery and a nylon band (尼龙表带). Peter Lipkin, the United States sales manager for the Flik Flak, calls it “childproof: if it gets dirty you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine.” The product is being sold in select department stores in Europe, Asia and the United States for a suggested price of $25. Parents who buy the watch may discover that it is one thing to tell time; it’s quite another for them to be on time. 5.From the news report we know that ______. A. parents are patient when teaching children time　 B. parents have little idea of how to teach children time C. children are likely to learn time quickly　　 D. children enjoy wearing the Flik Flak watch 6.The author doesn’t seem to believe ______. A. children will be on time if they have not learnt how to tell time B. a Flik Flak can help parents teach their children how to tell time C. the Flik Flak can take children’s imagination D. children usually have trouble telling time if they don’t wear watches 7.The underlined word handicap (Para. 1) means ______. A. displeasure　　 B. discouragement　　 C. disappointment　　 D. disadvantage 8.The United State sales manager calls the new watch “childproof” because ______. A. it is designed to teach children to be on time　 B. it proves to be effective in teaching children time C. it is made so as not to be easily damaged by children　　D. it is the children’s favorite watch C How the iron of tomorrow (the first Self Clean Iron) can change your lifestyle today? General Electric introduces the iron of tomorrow. The iron can clean itself. Inside where irons get dirty. Because it cleans itself each and every time you empty it. How? With a push of a magic blue button. The magic blue button The first thing you’ll notice that’s different about this iron is the blue button on the side. It’s marked “Self Clean”. Push this blue button, and you can wash out loose mineral deposits　that remain and block up inside. Push this button, and you’ve made life a lot easier. Less chance of brown spots Sure, Self Cleaning Iron is going to cut down on brown spots. (Those ugly spots that happen on nice, cleanly pressed clothes.) Because a Self Cleaning Iron becomes clean each time you press that magic blue button. Steams much longer Common sense tells you that if you’ve an iron that blocks less often it has to stay younger for a long period of time. In other words, it steams much longer. That’s another joy of owning General Electric’s Self Cleaning Iron. What does it mean to you Today you are doing so much more than just running a house and running after the kids. You’re working. You’re going to school. It’s all part of your lifestyle. The iron can change that lifestyle. By giving you less trouble before you iron. If we can make it easier for you to be a better wife, a better mother, a better house-maker, we want to. The new Self Cleaning Iron is another one of Home-Makers from General Electric. Life-style. We’re with yours. GENERAL ELECTRIC 9.This passage is ______. A. an introduction to General Electric　　 B. an operating instruction of Self Cleaning Iron C. an advertisement of Self Cleaning Iron　D. a description of the change of lifestyle 10.This iron can clean itself by ______. A. empting itself　　　　　　　　　　  B. washing out mineral deposits  C. blocking up mineral deposits　　　　  D. giving off more steam 11.According to the passage, what is most likely to attract the customers? A. It is made by General Electric.　　　　 B. The iron will not produce mineral deposits. C. There will be fewer brown spots on pressed clothes. D. Their clothes will be cleaned at the same time. 12.Self Cleaning Iron can help change your lifestyle because ______. A. you can run your house better　　　　 B. you don’t have to run after the kids C. you can use it while you are working　　D. we want you to be a better house-maker D In the age of reality television, success isn’t the only way to the public eye. Failure can also create fame, just like William Hung, 21, a native of Hong Kong. Hung recently has made an agreement with US-based entertainment firms Koch Records and Fuse Music Network. They will publish a full-length record, titled “The True Idol” on April 6. The idol is a civil engineering student at the University of California at Berkeley. He did a version of Ricky Martin’s “She Bangs” on the television show “American Idol 3”, on January 27. The Fox TV singing contest searches for pop stars among ordinary people. In the case of Hung, however, his act was so bad that the judges cut him off in mid-act. Hung’s response? “I already gave my best, so I have no regrets at all.” That’s good, because any common person would have found plenty to regret: The off-key singing. The blue Hawaiian shirt worn with pants pulled up too high. The terrible dancing. The hips jerking (摇摆) to a beat that did not belong to the song, maybe not even to this planet. It was, by all accounts, bad. But, it was this very bad act that sold well. Marc Juris, president of Fuse, explained it this way: “Every one of us is happily guilty of singing our favorite song at the top of our lungs with complete freedom, completely off-key and completely unworried. That’s what William did and immediately won the hearts of America.” Whatever it is, for the moment it’s big. Three websites devoted to Hung have gone up on the Internet in the past few weeks. Versions of his performance have been remixed with hip hop and techno-music and have made it to the top 10 request list at a Chicago radio station. So, what does Hung think of this? “There were all these people saying things about me. A lot were saying I was very courageous and that I was great on the show, but some didn’t have much respect for me and some were kind of mean.” Now he says he’s not so sure whether to distance himself from the glamour (魅力) or to accept it. Returning to normal hasn’t been easy. 13.What is the main idea of this passage? A. Sometimes an idol behaves quite foolishly.　B. Hung’s performance attracted the public eye. C. How an unsuccessful person became famous.　D. Success sometimes does not require hard work. 14.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to? A. William Hung.　　 B. Hung’s bad act.　 C. Hung’s website.　　D. The public’s opinion. 15.Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened to Hung? a. The entertainment firms made an agreement with Hung. b. The judges cut Hung off in mid-act in the singing contest. c. Hung became popular among Americans. d. Hung gave a terrible performance though he tried his best. e. Three websites put Hung’s funny performance on the Internet. A. d, b, e, c, a　　　 B. a, c, d, b, e　　　　C. a, d, b, c, e　　　　  D. d, b, a, e, c 16.Why was Hung able to win the hearts of America? A. His success was based on his own hard work. B. He attracted people’s attention in the contest. C. He was good-looking though he didn’t sing well. D. His character was completely different from other idols’. E Across the globe, single parent homes are on the rise. In the US, the 2000 census (人口普查) showed 24.8 million, or nearly 24 percent of the nation’s 105.5 million households, were traditional two-parent homes. By comparison, 9.8 million households, or 9 percent of all US households were headed by an adult raising a child alone. The 1990 census showed 26 percent of homes were led by a married mother and father, and 8 percent of homes were led by a single parent. Similar increases occurred in other countries. In the UK, lone-parent homes increased from 3.3 percent in 1990 to 5.5 percent in 1999. Single parent households in Australia rose from 5.8 percent in 1990 to 7.6 percent in 1999. Belgium saw the increase from 1.8 percent to 2.7 percent during the same period of time. These countries tend to have greater acceptance of the single parent because there are fewer nearby family members to disapprove, Riche, a Census Bureau director, said. Just as in the US, those changes raised new questions about how involved government should be in helping single parent families. Some research suggests children raised in two-parent families are better off than those who depend on one. “The position of one-parent families in any country is very much a gender (性别) issue-women’s opportunities, especially working-class women on low income,” said Sue Cohen, coordinator (协调员) of the Single Action Parents Network in England. 17.Not considering the exact number of the single-parent families, which country saw the fastest rise rate in 1999, compared with 1990? A.UK.　　　　  B. Australia.　　　　  C. America.　　　　　 D. Belgium. 18.What is the cause of the rise of single parent families across the globe? A. The nearby family members have a favourable opinion. B. A lone parent is well off enough to support his /her children. C. A lot of problems have arisen in two-parent families. D. We cannot get enough proving information from the text. 19.Which of the following is TRUE about the increase of single parent families according to the passage? A. It will somewhat limit the growing population of younger generation. B. Governments should take actions about the social problems brought about by it. C. Single parent families are not looked down upon in any country mentioned here. D. Generally speaking, the single parents needn’t worry since they are highly paid. 20.Which of the following diagrams correctly shows the rise of single parent families in the US from 1990 to 2000? 广德二中2006届高考总复习英语专项训练 阅读理解参考答案 （一） 1．B从“There’S lots of money in the kitty．”一句中可知她是在这种情况下才决定这么做的。 2．D从文中的“I'd heard about…There she was．…”一段记述可知。 3．D从本文的开头一句及“they thought I didn’t like to spend money．Actually，it was true．”可推测知道她是一个不喜欢玩电脑的人，而且不爱花钱。 4．A从Jenny在网上发布广告的举动及她的广告语言形式可知，她多年来对她借钱一事耿耿于怀，而不是忘记了。 B 5．B A项与“spent much of his…”不符；C与“when presented with ... a pattern"不符；而D在文中也无根据。 6．C根据第二段特别是该段的最后一句可知。 7．C从文中的第三段说明可知，他总是把词语与经验 (体验)联系起来，混淆在一起。 8．C作者在本文中表明的是一种客观、一分为二的观点。一方面，Solomon记忆力超人，但另一方面，他却有时显得缺乏正常人的智力水平。A、D都太绝对，B不准确。 C 9．B从第一段的“He laughed too”直到最后的话语可知。 10．A说到赛跑的开始，本文只谈到了不同级别赛跑手排列的情况，而未说到谁快谁慢的事，故D不符；C在文中没有出处；B与第四段的第一句话不符。 11．C文中第五段有“At the 30 km mark．I felt extremely tired…”句子，这是本题的答案的出处。 12．B根据第四段“We could only run…rush off too quickly．”的话语意思及第六段中“I passed hundreds of slower runners.., felt wonderful!"的话语可知。 D 13．D③⑤⑧⑨四个频道的四个时段中出现的节目数量依次为D。 14．C家庭主妇一般说来对烹饪感兴趣。 15．D D是体育专题节目。 16．D⑨频道节目内容全部为新闻。 E 17．C本文第一句已交待。“All around…We decided to leave the town…”即是答案的出处。 18．A　文章在说明“The carts were…flat。and they wouldn't stay in place.., by stones. " 之前已有交待，说明:是大地抖动，这正是说明了产生此种结果的原因。 19．B根据第三段的前两句话得出。 20．A根据第三段最后一句可以推断出。 （二） A 1．C第一段最后一句说“他们从花掉大笔钱中所获得的乐趣远远超过了从所买的东西中获得的乐趣”，由此可知选项C正确。 2．A B项是购物狂大量花钱猎取廉价货所造成的结果，而非原因，故排除；第三句只提到这些人买了比别人更便宜的货物会觉得自己赚了，而并不是指炫耀自己的成功，因此C也不对；D虽在第二段中提到，但不是追求便宜货者购物的原因。由第二段第三句可知，答案为A。 3．D从全文来看，主要讲述了购物狂的两种心理，一种是为满足心理需要而花大量的钱，一种是为了心理需要而买便宜货，而这些都被懂得这种心理的商人利用来促销商品，所以D是正确的选项。 B 4．C文章开篇第一句话就对此做了说明，“过去，日本的年轻人是要承担起照顾父母和祖父的责任”。由此可知，C与文意相符。 5．A it可用来指代刚刚提到过的事，根据前后文内容，在此处应指代economic decline，这造成了就业和经济的不安定局面，因此A为正确答案。 6．D作者在第二段中所列举的犯罪率及辍学率的上：升均与道德水平有关系，所以应选D。在首段中已：经提到年轻人的负担较之过去已经减轻了，故排除·A；B项与题意不符；C项概括不全面。 7．A作者在第三段中指出，日本缺少企业家的行为榜样的问题在于“日本的文化阻碍了日本人民揭示个人生活中的细节部分，其中包括创建公司的经验”。由此可知选项A为正确答案。第三段第二句提到外国人的榜样所起的作用是有限的，故排除B；选项C只是问题的一个方面，也可排除；D在文中未提及。 8．B文章通过年轻人在社会生活中的一些表现，如：日本出生率的下降，少年犯罪率和辍学率的上升等例子说明了日本年轻人的道德观与价值观的变化，故选B项。 C 9．C文章第三段第二句指出“因科学家尚未找到致病的是哪一种基因，所以他们还不知道如何着手跟踪治疗该病”，由此可知C与文章相符，为正确答案。 10．A“研究者们可以研究早衰病患者的家谱，看疾病复发的情况如何(examine family trees to see how diseases recur)”，目的是通过信息之间的相互关系来缩小查找目标，由此可知A与文章相符；B、C虽在文中有所提及，但都与题意不符。 11．C文章第四段中提到NIH最近有新发现，这一发现可能会迈出治愈这一疾病的第一步，这就是说明将来治愈早衰病是有可能的，故C为正确的答案。该病现在未被攻克，由此可排除A；文章虽提到几乎所有受早衰病折磨的孩子都有共同的染色体故障，但与本题题意不符，B项也可排除；D项未在文中提及。　　 D 12．B文章第一段第二句“Educators…wonder whether children who are not fully registered in school should get some public services．”由此可知，教育专家担心的是这些接受家庭教育的孩子是否应得到一些社会服务，也就是是否需要帮助，故B为正确的答案。 13．C文章第二段首句提到“大概有一半实行家庭教育的父母出于宗教原因”，而不是大多数，故排除B；第二句指出“另外四分之一的父母对公共教育存在疑虑”，而不是一半，由此可排除A；第三句明确提到“In some cases，parents home-school to escape compulsory education",由此可知，C为正确答案。本段还提到"however, public school offer services to the home-schooled”，故排除D. 14．B第二段第四句指出"weak regulations in most states mean that officials rarely challenge or monitor parents who say they are home-schooling", 由此可知家庭教育管理薄弱，故B为正确答案。 15．D文章第三段指出Mary Brown说“她的目的是想比公立学校给孩子更多的基础训练(give more training in basics)”，因此D为正确的答案。 16．C根据第二段第二句可知只有四分之一的父母对公立学校表示怀疑，而不是大多数，故排除B；文章第二段最后两句指出“公立学校对在家里接受教育的学生提供服务”，而且“一些社区有可能允许他们进行非全日制注册”，由此可知A不对。第二段最后提到“教育专家担心，如果在家接受教育的学生将回到学校时会有严重的心、理缺陷”，由此可知，他们与公立学校的学生是有差别的，故排除D。 E 17．B根据第一段第二句“It may be walking，cycling…or in winter，skating or skiing．”及常识可知，滑雪和滑冰在冬季颇受欢迎，故B为正确的答案。 18．A文章第二段指出：人们对于那些去攀登险山峻岭的人感到震惊和疑惑，想知道为什么他们愿意经历寒冷和艰辛。正是因为这些人对登山有一种激情。 19．D第三段" There are no man-made rules　it is this freedom from man-made rules ... Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods. "指出了登山运动没有规律，并且根据常识可知，凡是体育比赛都有人为制定的规则，故D为正确的答案。 20．D文章第三段提到“…that makes mountaineering attractive to many people”，由此可排除A；第五段只提到登山需要较好的心理素质和身体素质，而没有提到哪个更重要，故排除B；最后一段第二句指出，“滑雪运动员到了三十岁也许就过了他的最佳时期”，而不是登山运动员，故排除C；最后一段第三句说“一个五六十岁的人要攀登阿尔卑斯山的最高峰也并不是非同寻常的事”，因此D为正确的答案。 （三） A 1. C文章第二、三段讲述的是第一个实验的情况，第二段为实验经过，第三段是结果，即“35名男孩和25名女孩对漂亮男人和女人的脸看的时间较长”。由此可知C为正确答案。 2．D文章最后一段指出：这些研究者坚持认为，进一步的研究应该探索这些婴儿是否把吸引人的面孔作为最典型的面孔。由此可推断出：Langlois及其同事发现了一个更有趣的领域，故选D。 3．A文章第四段指出：40个婴儿对漂亮面孔的反应与大学生相同，都会对漂亮的脸看较长的时间，由此可推知A为正确答案。B和C在文中未提到；文章首句提到“…infants treat attractive face as distinctive regardless of the sex，age and race of the stimulus faces”，由此可排除D。 4．B文章介绍了Langlois和其同事们的三次实验，内容是让一些六个月的婴儿观察漂亮与不漂亮的脸，结果发现他们与大学生一样，都会在漂亮面孔前注视的时间长一些，而漂亮面孔各有其特点，故B为最佳题目。 B 5. D可参考文章第二段，“军医研究表明”，因此正确答案为D：有科学的证据支持。 6．B参考文章第二段可知研究表明锻炼对人身体的好处。 7．A本文以美国人为例讲运动对人身体的好处。正确答案应选A，“运动——通向健康的道路”。 8．C  level off所在句是一个转折句，下句讲跑步仍是最受欢迎的运动方式，可推知上句应是说跑步不再流行。 C 9．B文章第二段第一句指出，小行星足比划过夜空的流星大的天体。可见二者是性质相同的天体，只是大小不同。 10．A文章第二段后两句指出，绝大多数的小行星围绕太阳运行。远离地球，不会威胁到我们。但仍然有上千颗小行星可能撞击地球。可见，小行星与地球相撞的可能性很小，但危险确实存在。B项为概念错误。文章第三段指出，确定大多数小行星的位置需要25年。文章第五段又提到，大到足以有很强毁灭性的小行星，可能每五十万年与地球碰撞一次，可见B项是错误的；C项文中没有提到；D项与文章内容不符。 11．B注意最后一段第一句，cure指解决办法，即用核武器改变小行星的运行轨道，而disease指小行星，可能与地球碰撞这件事情。由此本句可理解为核武器会比小行星带来更糟的后果，并且带给人们更大的恐慌。故选B项。 12．D应依据全文内容作出选择。全文一再强调小行星与地球碰撞的危险性，但没有提及在不久的将来会发生，故排除B项。文章最后提出对付小行星的核武器，在改变小行星运行轨道的同时会毁灭地球，那么可以得出结论：解决小行星撞击地球的可行的办法有待进一步的探索。A项是事实，而不是结论。 D 13．D纵观全文，作者十分客观地分析了福利制度改革的利与弊。改革成功地减少了靠福利救济生活的人数，尽管它并没能提高穷人的生活水平，但改变了低收入者的思想观念，使人们不再心安理得地接受救济。这本身就是一个胜利。可见作者仍然认为福利制度改革利大于弊。 14．C文章第二段第二句指出，第二年不再接受救济的人中，有70％找到了工作，但报酬每小时不到6美元。可见收入过低使他们生活贫困。 15．A作者列举Athens County这个实例，是为了说明福利制度改革虽然使多数人重新开始工作，但由于收入低，人们的贫困状况仍然没有改变。文章第三段暗示了作者举例的意图：Athens County提供的事实表明，人们为改善低收入者贫困生活所做出的努力还远远不够。可见，作者在呼吁政府作出更多的努力来改善人们的生活。 16．B文章第七段末句指出，改革正在重塑人们的工作观，这是最重要的。可见，福利制度改革旨在改变人们的思想观念。 E 17．C根据第二段第二句“…true workaholics would rather work than do anything else…”可知工作狂只是更愿意工作，而非只知道工作，A说法过于绝对。根据第四段第三句“it provides people with paychecks"可排除B。文中只提到工作狂工作时问比其他人更长、工作更卖力，但未提及他们的责任问题，故排除D。根据第四段第四句“But it(=work)offers more than financial security．”及第五句“It (= work) provides people with self-confidence ... a feeling of satisfaction…”可知C正确。 18．C从文章第四段第五、六句我们知道，工作赋予他们一种满足感、成就感，工作使人获得一种认同(i-dentity)，通过参与工作，他们获得一种自我意识和个人意识。可知C正确。而金钱只是人们工作的目的之一，并不是最重要的方面，故不选A。人们到老年仍然工作，并非由于不愿意做家务，也并不是担心整天无所事事会引起健康方面的问题，所以B和D不正确。 19．B文章中心围绕工作狂的特点展开，第二段提出工作狂可能是一个很严重的问题，但在第三段也指出工作狂也可快乐地生活，并介绍了快乐的原因。所以可以看出主题是讲工作狂既有负面影响又有正面影响，因此选B。 20．D首段首句指出“人们认为工作狂的生活状态是正常的”。A项与之相反，故可排除。B太片面，因为工作狂也喜欢生活，第三段说“many workaholics have great energy and interest in life”。C是文章直接指出的(见第四段第五句)，而不是推断出的。所以只有D正确，从文章许多地方可以找到支持D的证据：首段讲到他们迷恋工作；第三段讲到他们视工作为娱乐；最后一段中作者还用到compulsive一词同样地说明D。 （四） A 1.B 文章首段第二句提到“In　many cultures respect for older people or those in positions of authority keeps others from expressing their true feelings”.由此可知：出于对长者尊敬，许多国家的人们往往不会表达自己的真实感受，故选项B正确. 2.D　文章第二段第五句话指出“But the desire to get ahead of others sometimes causes people... unkind and even dishonest”,也就是说，极端的竞争性有时会使人误入歧途，由此可知D正确答案。 3.A　文章首段中几个例子论证了美国人直率的性格，从中我们不难推断出，美国人比其他外国人更善于批判，故A为正确答案。本文论述了美国人性格的三个方面，其中坦率和对新事物的兴趣是作者赞赏的，都被视为virtue,故排除B，第三段第二句话指出“Americans are generally viewed as friendly, adaptable, energetic, and kinkhearted”,由此可排除C；根据最后一段内容可推断出，美国人并不难相处，所以选项D也不对。 4.B　本文主要阐述了美国人的性格，作者在第二段第二句中提到“The extremely competitive nature... their worst fault”,以及第二段倒数第二句也提到“Sometimes they fail to understand and appreciate practices...”,由此可知文章并非全在说美国人的优点，故可排除A；文章虽在第二段两处提到美国人的缺点，但不是主要内容，故C也可排除；选项D显然不对. B 5.B　此处“12 out of 14”是指“在多少里面排名第几，占第几位”，所以在此处意思应为:在14个国家的学生进行的化学测试中，美国学生的成绩排第12位，由此可知B为正确答案。 6.C　文章第三段提到“whose schools have no uniform national curriculum”，“the problem lies at the elementary and high school levels...”以及“Among the root causes most frequently mentioned... the low respect in which U.S. society holds teachers”。由此可知A、B和D三项均是教育水平低的原因，选项C未在文中提及，故为正确答案。 7.B　第二段开头指出，布什总统曾许诺要在接下来的十年里消除文盲，文章后面指出“According to Bush，there are l7 million illiterates in this country of 245million people...They have a long way to go”，由此可知，布什并没有实现诺言，故选项A不对，根据布什的统计，文盲比例应为17／245约为7％，而不是9％，故排除C，根据文章最后一句话可知：在美国，老师的地位几乎在最底层，由此可排除D;根据文章最后一段倒数第三句可推断出B为正确答案。 8.A　题目要求按文盲比率由低到高的顺序排列。根据文章倒数第三句话可知：在德国，教师地位比较高，由此可推断出其教育水平高，文盲也较少，以及第二段中间部分的“in percentage terms，that rank the United States alongside Nicaragua and below Cuba.”，也就是说，美国和尼加拉瓜并列，位于古巴之后，由此可判断出：德国的文盲率最低，其次是古巴，然后是尼加拉瓜，故A为正确选项。 C 9.C　根据文章首段第二句“In the past，women did the dancing and cooking for elections campaigning可知，选项C与文意相符，故为正确答案。 10.A　根据文章第二段前两句可知:由于我们对女性的文化偏见，女性中大多数的人会脱颖而出是不可能的。第三段首句指出，女性无法成为男性社会中作决定的部分。以及第四段首句提到的女性对同性也存有偏见。由上述内容可推断出，如果对女性少一些偏见，那么就会有许多女性在选举中获得成功，故A为正确答案。穆斯林领导者也存在对女性的反对意见，但与本题题意不符，故可排除;C和D均未在文中提到。 11.C　作者在第二段中指出作者不看好女性竞选者，在第三、四段中说明性别歧视的各个方面，而最后一段中作者指出we need a change in culture。综上，不难推出本题的答案为C。A是人们过去对女性的看法，B只是文中提到一个方面，以偏慨全，D显然与文意相悖。 12.D　通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是有关女性从政的，由此可知D为最佳选项。文中主要讲了女性在政治方面受到的歧视，并没有涉及各个领域，故排除A、B和C。 D 13.A 14.D　此题是问谁最有权控制学校班车的安全。文章第四段讲道:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration在1977年制定的安全措施很好地保护了校车中孩子们的安全。据此可以推知，该机构有权就校车安全问题制定相关规定，它是最有权威的，所以答案应该是D。A属非官方，B指交通部，但文中只指出它能“review”，并未指出或暗示它能“控制”；C不属于交通方面，故不对。 15.B　文章最后一段讲到，在国会的要求下，交通部发起的这份调查报告要求详尽地考察座位安全带问题，同时要广泛调查校车：内部以及周围的安全环境。因此选择B。但是文章并未说明交通部要采取什么措施，所以D不确切。第三段说，家长是使用安全带的支持者，所以A不对。第五段只指出有一种替代方法，但并未指出它会被考虑执行。所以C不对。 16.A　通篇文章讲的是学生乘坐校车的安全问题。许多人赞成并要求采取更安全的措施。所以答案应该选A。C较具干扰性，它虽然也涉及到bus safety，但不是作者所要表达的最直接的愿望，而且文章也并未就具体的措施做出定夺。B太片面，因为文章不只讨论了安全带问题。D的说法太泛太空，不具体。 E 17.C　本文主题是讲解醉酒行人出交通事故的问题，所以答案为C。A为交通安全，虽然文章有所涉及，但涉及面太广；B为喝醉的司机，文章虽提到．但是并非文章讲述对象；D为严重的公路安全问题，也犯了涉及面大广的错误。 18.B　见文章第二段第一句:Pedestrians struck and killed by cars often are extremely drunken. 说明醉酒是主要原因,故答案为B。 19.A　第二段中第三句提到在致命车祸中成年行人喝醉的占40%，而司机酒醉的只有25%，40%-25%=15%。与A的意思一致。 20.A　此题可从文中第五段找到答案。每年1月，调查委员会在华盛顿召开交通研究会议，Blombery是在会上发言的研究人员之一。他的咨询公司在新奥尔良地区行人事故的对比研究中发现，酒精肇事在行人交通事故中的比率非常高。所以Blomberg是一位研究人员。 （五） A 1.C　由文章最后一句：The female-led micro-businesses are playing an increasingly large role...可知。 2.B　全文讲的是日本妇女成功地经商的事。 3.A　由上文可知，她们在英特网上开办的“OL Food Bureau of Investigation”吸引了很多人，因为她们的评论的影响力，所以上电视。由第8段可知。 4.A　由文章的第2、3二段可知。 B 5.B　由第一段It charges libraries per book per copy and gives publishers a cut of the total income可知。 6.A　由后句More than 350 gave the company rights to... 可知。 7.D　由More than five people...other people will get...can’t be found可知。 8.B　由前面的一段中“most consumers won’t want to buy entire books, only the parts that interest them”可知最后一段的意义。 C 9.B　由第二段Two glass bottles were connected by a small opening可知。 10.B　由第二段最后一句可知。 11.C　由第三段最后一句可知。 12.B　由最后一段第二句可知。 D 13.D　见第3段的第3句。 14.A　见第3段最后一句及最后一段，尤其是第1句。对同一件事的看法完全相反，影响的因素包括“个人的需要；情感因素”等。 15.C　根据该词后面所举的例子（对“shoplifting”的截然相反的看法），可知ignore的含义。 16.D　采用排除法。A项指的是“被感知的信息与自己的愿望相反”评价的标准是个人的主观意识，文中亦未谈到；B项和C项在文中也都没提到，为主观臆断。而最后一段却为D项提供了依据（见2、3两句以及后面的例子）。 E 17.C　法国十几岁的孩子到美国家庭中去体验生活，而不只是去享受生活，更不是去找父母或工作。 18.D　由第四段when exchange programmes started 50 years ago, more... stayed home可知。 19.A　 由倒数第三段from young couples to the retired 可知。 20.D　由elderly people 及keep up young... hosting 16yearold...可知。 （六） A 1.C　文中提到了The English Roses和Mr Peabody’s Apples两本书。 2.B　由第5段中Each of the stories has to do with different ways you disconnect from God可知。 3.A　由她所写的书畅销及所带来的乐趣可知。 4.B　由第二段……she wrote the books to teach children some of the life lessons she’d learned over the years可知。 B 5.D　由第4段He noted that Spence comes from Monkseaton in northeastern English, where people sometimes complain they have fewer chances than people living in the richer, more populous south 可知。 6.A　结合第4、5两段可知。 7.A　由最后一段中出现的such prejudices, not giving 等意义可知“由于偏见，来自于综合中学的学生并没有给予同样的机会上牛津大学这样的名校”。 8.A　由文章可知，教育大臣对大学的入学程序提出了质疑。 C 9.A　由第4本书中提到historic 200 races 等可知。 10.B　由本文题可知，指的是natural disasters. A、C、D都不是“自然灾难”。 11.B　由第一本书中的内容可知。 D 12.D　文章在第一部分（第一、二、三段）中说明了日本语言被 外来英语“感染”的情况，以至于某位老先生需要请一位翻译来翻译自己的语言；第二部分（第四段）举例，从细节上说明了这种情况；然后最后一部分（第五段）提出了日本人为改变这种情况采取的这种办法。对于产生这种情况的原因文章并未明确提到，所以选D。 13.D 通过上下文举的例子可以推断出，其他国家也受到美国英语的影响，比如全世界的人都知道英语单词Coc-Cola。所以选D。 14.B　参照题67的解释， 最后一段应当是解释Foreign Words Committee 的作用，所以选B。 15.A　从第二段和第四段两个老人所讲的话中可以看出，他们对日本语言目前的情况都比较理解。结合文章中所举的有关年轻人与digital camera 的例子，最有可能的推断就是：老年人比年轻人更支持换掉外来词。所以选A。 E 16.D　根据第一段第二句，“As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people:relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age”, D为正确答案。 17.B　第一段最后一句明确指出，“大约80%的离婚者再婚。我们社会绝对大多数人更喜欢过婚姻生活。”A、C、D的表述与事实不符。 18.A　美国社会接受多种类型的家庭组合方式。文章第二、三段指出，目前美国家庭的组合方式与传统的核心家庭相比发生了很大的变化。这种变化反映在孩子与家庭成员的关系上。分析四个选项，B、D与事实不符；家庭结构的变化不能说明传统的核心家庭不存在了，因此D的观点太片面。 19.C　“Part\time children”是指父母离婚后由父母交替抚养的孩子。第二段最后一句指出了离婚家庭的两种孩子，即“part\time children”和“full\time children”。根据第三段的描述，“full\time children” 是指夫妻双方目前的孩子，或目前与现父母住在一起的前婚的孩子；“part\time children” 则是由离婚父母交替抚养的孩子。由此判断，C是正确的；A、D不对；B所说的是“full\time children”. 20.A　第一段最后一句和第三段最后一句为本文的主题句，即大多数美国人喜欢过婚姻生活，而且过着婚姻生活。这是不变的事实（constant）。由此看出，美国人对婚姻是有信心的。本文没有涉及B和C的观点。 （七） A 1.A　第一段告诉我们，童年的作者对花和昆虫感兴趣。作者在第一段说“Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects.”此句暗示作者自己则坚持了下来。因此A为正确答案。B、C和D的内容与本文无关。 2.D　因为他把注意力全放在观察自然上了。第二段最后一句明确说明了这一问题的原因。 3.A　 作者既是一位博物学家，也是一位科学家。这一点可从第三段最后一句推测而出。作者称自己不是一位科学家是在谦虚。D不对，B和C为文中的明确表述，而不是推测的结果。 4.B　作者在最后一段指出“\:one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self\discipline, a quality I lack”，由此可知B为正确答案。 B 5.B　 从what’s not included可以看出injury to the driver属于个人事故。 6.C　从租车的第三个条件a particular car cannot be guaranteed 可以看出特殊车辆无法保证。 7.C　单方面取消合同，预交合同费从不退还。 C 8.C　 文章第三段第一句明确指出，“Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image.”此句中“feed a typical racial image”意为“培养了一种典型的种族形象”，即担心因与众不同更易受到歧视与孤立。因此C“仍然担心社会的不公正对待”为正确答案。 9.A　亚裔美国人成功的主要因素是数学基础坚实，亚洲文化历来重视教育。文章前两段分析了亚裔学生主要在理工科方面学业突出的原因，即有坚实的数学基础和父母的言传身教。B也是成功的因素之一，但文章并示提到；C中“a limited knowledge of English”不是主要原因；D中的“the American educational system”为所有学生提供的机会是均等的，不是亚裔学生成功的根本原因。 10.B　亚裔学生很少主修人文科学是因为担心会受到不公平对待。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathermatics and science because they will be judged more objectively”可推断，对人文科学成就的评价带有主观因素，因而更容易受到不公正对等。A、C、D并不是主要原因。 11.A　从最后一段判断，亚裔美国学生担心自己的突出成就会使自己再次成为社会孤立的对象。因此A为正确答案。 D 12.C　从第一段可以知道职业妇女忙，对做饭不感兴趣，从第一段的“have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves”(即没有愿望也没有时间为她们自己做饭)可以看出C项正确。 13.B　橘汁和橘汁饮料的区别在于橘汁是自然的，有营养的，是直接从橘子中来的。橘汁和橘汁饮料的区别在第二段中曾经谈到过，即橘汁饮料“contains only a small percentage of real juice—the rest is largely colored sugar water”(只包含很少比例的真正橘汁——其他大都是加了色素的糖水)。因此，相对而言，橘汁是natural, nutritious and prepared from oranges(天然的、有营养的、直接从橘子中来的健康饮料)。 14.A　a fruitless search 意思为“没有结果的努力”，文中第四段谈到“试图寻找一种可以包治百病，又能使你成为超人的食谱是徒劳的”。因此，a fruitless search表示毫无结果的努力。fruitless的引申意义为没有结果的，徒劳的。 15.D　许多妇女想当然地认为维他命是一种食物的代替品。文中第四段提到“As women,\:we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food”。 16.D　通过引用“要是没有燃料，光有火花是不行的”。作者的意思是没有碳水化合物，蛋白质和脂肪，维他命和矿物质没有用处。文中最后一段在谈到碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪和维生素、矿物质的关系时，作者将碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪比作木材、燃料，维他命和矿物比作火柴、火花。引用专家的话说，“要是没有燃料，光有火花是不行的”。 E 17.B　第一段第一句是一个问题，第二句是对这个问题的回答。然后在第三句话中作者又引用了新英格兰医学杂志上的一篇文章来进一步支持这一理论，故B为正确答案。 18.B　作者在第二段中先对实例进行对比。在本段最后一句指出，明显的保护源是饮酒者的高密脂蛋白中的含量更高，即所谓的好的胆固醇高，可抑止心脏病。由此推知不饮酒者的“好的胆固醇少”，这正是B的内容。 19.C　由最后一段可知，即使是适当饮酒，也有两种不同的态度：有些医生建议心脏病患者每天喝上一点，可大多数医生并不准备这么做。此外，有的研究报告指出适当饮酒可能增加乳房和结肠癌的患病率。由此可知，C为正确答案。 20.D　全文主要说明饮酒是否对健康有好处。 （八） A 1.D　第二段提到，写这首诗是为了告诉父亲自己是多么地爱他。这里的父亲指的是officer Ken Knapcik。 2.B　看到他的女儿写的如此深情的诗，能不令人感动吗？警官们感动得一边看一边流泪，甚至不能将诗读完。 3.A　警官为何将女儿的信带在身边？因为诗代表了女儿对自己深情的爱，将信带在身边就是将女儿的爱带在身边。 4．A　poem一词贯穿文章始终，一切都是围绕它展开的。 B 5.B　见文章的parents don’t really know how to teach them time. 6.A　见文章的第一段。 7.D　handicap的意思为“障碍、不利条件”，它与disadvantage的意思一致，故正确答案为D。 8.C　从文章第三段中的销售人员把它叫作childproof及后面的解释if it gets dirty you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine就知道这种表是不容易被毁坏的。 C 9.C　从文中对于未来电熨斗优点的介绍可知，这是一篇关于它的广告。 10.B　从第一段的第三句话及第二段“you can wash out loose mineral deposits that remain and block up inside”可知。 11.C　由第四段less chance of brown spots可知。 12.A　由“By giving you less trouble before you iron”可知。 D 13.C　文章第一段“…success isn’t the only way to the public eye. Failure can also create fame\:”即表明文章的主旨大意。 14.B　根据下文即可推知it应是Hung的表演。 15.A　阅读完全文，不难发现：Hung尽管努力了，但他表演很糟糕\?评委cut him off in the mid\act\?三个网络将他的滑稽表演放到了互联网上→深受美国大众的欢迎→娱乐公司签约。 16.D　本题可采用排除法排除A、B、C三个选项。根据第六段的内容应选D。 E 17.A　第二段交待英国单亲家庭上涨比例最大（2.2%）。 18.D　文章涉及更多的是现象，而未提及原因。 19.B　文章第三段第一句说明B项正确。其他均不符合文章。 20.C　从文章第一段可知美国1999年单亲家庭比例是8%，2000年是9%。